1. Sources of Fresh Water 1. Lakes, ponds and wetlands 2. Streams and rivers 3. Ground water 4. Glaciers 5. Drainage basins

2. Lakes, Ponds and Wetlands

3. Streams and Rivers

4. Ground water... Precipitation that falls on land and sinks out of sight. Sinks through pores in rocks until it reaches bedrock where it pools. Drilling to these pools make wells.

5. Ground Water

6. Runoff Runoff does not sink into the ground or evaporate. It flows across the Earth’s surface.

7. Runoff Is Affected By: ground material amount of rain length of time it rains slope of the land vegetation the amount of development

8. Glaciers... A large mass of snow and ice. Found in areas where it is so cold the snow remains all year.

9. Types of Glaciers Alpine Continental

10. Glaciers in mountains and on the continent of Antarctica

11. Glaciers slow down the passage of water through the water cycle by storing vast quantities of water. They release the water during the hot summer months. They give us information about the Earth’s past climates.

12. The Ice Age The most recent began 120 000 years ago ending 11 000 years ago. Glaciers covered ~ 20% of land on Earth.

14. Glaciers and Global Warming In the last 100 years the average surface temp. Has increased by 0.5 o C. The world’s glaciers are melting at a quicker pace than ever before.

15. Water trapped in glacial ice

16. Receding Athabasca Glacier in Alberta It has receded 1.5 km since 1843. This glacier is a source of water for Alberta, the Prairies and western U.S.

18. What Does This Mean? Ocean waters may rise Flood rivers If they disappear, rivers may dry up

19. Drainage Basins All freshwater on earth, surface and groundwater is part of a drainage basin or watershed The area of land that drains into a body of water such as a river, pond, lake or ocean. There may be many small ones within a larger basin.

20. A divide separates one drainage basin from another. Ex. The Continental Divide The Western Continental Divide is an imaginary line that sits atop a continuous ridge of mountain summits that divide the continent into two main drainage areas.

21. Canadian Drainage Basins

22. 6 Major Drainage Basins in NL 1. Labrador Sea 2. Gulf of St. Lawrence 3. West Coast Gulf of St. Lawrence 4. South Coast Gulf of St. Lawrence 5. Atlantic Ocean Avalon Peninsula 6. Atlantic Ocean North-east Coast

23. Using pencil leads, indicate the 6 major drainage basins of NL

24. One Component Affects Another... Ex. Salinity affects the types of organisms that can survive in an area. The Labrador current is a cold current which moves water with low salinity southward. The Gulf Stream current is a warm current which moves water with high salinity northward. When the cold waters of the Labrador current reach the continental shelf they're forced upward, bringing the nutrient-rich water to the surface and increasing phytoplankton activity and thus overall productivity.

25. Ex. The convergence of the Labrador current and the Gulf Stream influences productivity of the Grand Banks, the movement of icebergs, and migration of capelin and whales.

26. Ex. Temperature affects the amount of dissolved oxygen in water. The lower the temperature the more oxygen there is in the water. Temperature is a major factor that influences many life processes, such as reproduction.

27. Debate Topics.. 1. Seal hunt 2. Cod moratorium 3. Regional food fishery 4. Oil and gas exploration Problems/ issues related to the oceans include: