1. Good Science vs. Bad Science H. Smith

3. Terminology Hypothesis: statement which predicts what will happen – Ex: If I drop this beaker, then it will break. Theory/Fact: generally accepted fact due to much, repeated evidence***still open to scientific inquiry b/c it’s not an absolute truth. – Ex: Gravity exists Opinions: non-measurable and impossible to prove, cannot be addressed by science – Ex: Pizza Hut has the best pizza in the world.

4. Characteristics of Good Science: Good Science: – Follows the scientific method (at least loosely) Observation Research Experimentation Results Analysis Conclusion PUBLISH!!!

5. Characteristics of Good Science: Good Science: – Does not investigate opinions, must have disprovable hypothesis – Ethical reports & procedures – Methods must be replicated many times with same result (you can’t make up data!) – Has many scientists working on similar projects, to validate data – Peer reviewed BEFORE publication – Publication in a peer reviewed journal=legitimate – Changes with new facts

6. Can Science Investigate? Are tomatoes or carrots more delicious?

7. Can Science Investigate? At what age do chickens start laying eggs?

8. Can Science Investigate? Does Vitamin C shorten the time a cold affects a person?

9. Can Science Investigate? Is it morally wrong to kill someone?

10. Can Science Investigate? Is cell phone use correlated with cancer?

11. Examples of Bad Science Ex 1: MMR Vaccine Health Scare – 1998 Dr. Andrew Wakefield – Published in the Lancet – Claimed MMR vaccine caused autism – Highly publicized by former model Jenny McCarthy – Discrediting began in 1999 – Formally discredited in 2010; lost medical license – Wakefield “fixed” information, only 12 children.

12. Why everyone has to vaccinate Herd immunity True/False? If you are immunized you cannot get that disease?

13. Examples of Bad Science: Multi-vitamin use: based on 1 math mistake Essentially no health benefits from taking a multi- vitamin Expensive urine Actually useful vitamin supplements: Folic acid, Vitamin D & Vitamin B12 Not proven to improve health, may be harmful Use the money to buy healthy food!