1. Circuits, Systems, & the Arduino

2. Challenge: Make the bulb light up! -Make observations and explain why it has the setup it does? - What are the components of a closed circuit and do they need to be connected? How do you know?

3. Components of a Circuit  A simple circuit consists of a battery connected to wires and a….  Light bulb  Motor  Buzzer  Etc...  A complex circuit can consist of 100’s to 1000’s of components!

4. Check for understanding Which is the correct way to light the lightbulb with the battery? a) all are correct b) none are correct 1) 3) 2)

5. continuous connection Current can only flow if there is a continuous connection from the negative terminal through the bulb to the positive terminal. This is only the case for Fig. (3). Connect the Battery Which is the correct way to light the lightbulb with the battery? a) all are correct b) none are correct 1) 3) 2)

6. Electric Current ( I ) is the flow of electric charge. More specifically, it is defined as the ______ at which charge flows. rate

7. Current’s Effect on the Human Body (according to OSHA… for a 1 sec. duration) From: http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/construction/electrical_incidents/eleccurrent.html

8. Other Interesting Currents… Defibrillator 35 A!! Police Taser 162 mA

9. In the previous activity, you created a closed circuit.  What would happen if we removed the light bulb from your circuit and connected just the wires to both terminals of the battery?  Circuit Construction Kit Circuit Construction Kit  Turn and talk why did this happen?

10. In the previous activity, you created a circuit.  What would happen if I added a wire that separates the bulb from the battery?  Circuit Construction Kit Circuit Construction Kit  Turn and talk why did this happen?

11. Introduction to a Breadboard  Breadboard Introduction Breadboard Introduction

12. Discussion Questions 1.How can you ensure that you have created a closed circuit on the breadboard? 2.Be specific, how does the woman on the video connect the components on the breadboard? 3.Why do you think she uses a resistor in her circuit?

13. Current vs Voltage vs Resistance A metaphor using water Image credit: Sparkfun, https://cdn.sparkfun.com/assets/learn_tutorials/1/9/3/water-analogy.pnghttps://cdn.sparkfun.com/assets/learn_tutorials/1/9/3/water-analogy.png

14. Current vs Voltage vs Resistance How to think about a circuit using a CIRCUIT DIAGRAM Image credit: Wikimedia Commons

15. The Breadboard Challenge  Using the materials in your bin, you are to build 3 separate closed circuits. Each circuit grows in complexity, but your task is to learn how a breadboard can be used to connect these terms together.  After you complete each circuit, take a photo of it with a camera phone AND draw a CIRCUIT DIAGRAM  Circuit 1: Breadboard, LED, resistor, wires  Circuit 2: Breadboard, LED, resistor, wires, and a button  Circuit 3: Breadboard, 2 LEDs, resistor, wires, and a button

16. OPTIONAL SLIDES  The next four slides are more “in-depth” as to the physics of circuits and can be omitted or added depending on your teaching context.

17. What Causes Current? Water flow is similar to the flow of electric ________ (typically __________)… Charge will flow (a current) as long as there is a ___________ in “electric __________”. charge electrons difference pressure

18. What Causes Current? This difference in “electric pressure” is called a difference in ________ _________ or a __________ difference and is measured in units of ______ (___). A Cause and Effect Relationship: ___________________ is the cause, and __________ is the effect. A Voltage difference can be thought of as the _______ that causes __________. electric potential voltage Volts V Voltage (difference) Current “push” current

19. Check out what happens when a tree branch falls on two power lines at different voltages….… VIDEO

20. Resistance (R) Current produced depends on the electrical resistance that the conductor offers to the flow of charge. The components of a circuit (such as a light bulb filament, an electric motor, etc.), as well as the _____ in a circuit, have electrical resistance. Color-coded Resistors A ______________ is a very common device found in circuits of electronic equipment. A color code is used to describe how much resistance to the flow of current that the resistor offers. wires resistor

21. Getting to Know the Arduino Image credit: Ardunio, http://ardunio.cc

22. Parts of an Arduino 5V Ground Analog INPUTS Digital INPUTS & OUPUTS Image credit: Adafruit / Nick Gammon

23. The Parts of a Sketch

24. LED & Arduino Diagram

25. Arduino Challenge #1  Get the BLINK sketch to work.  Identify the system INPUTS, OUTPUTS, any sub-systems, and if there is feedback.  Then, modify the sketch in two completely different ways to change the output of the system. Raise your hand once you have completed both changes. Be prepared to share out your change!

26. Arduino Challenge #2  Get the BUTTON sketch to work.  Identify the system INPUTS, OUTPUTS, any sub-systems, and if there is feedback.  Then, modify the sketch in two completely different ways to change the output of the system. Raise your hand once you have completed both changes. Be prepared to share out your change!

27. Arduino Challenge #3  Get the FADING LIGHT sketch to work!  Identify the system INPUTS, OUTPUTS, any sub-systems, and if there is feedback.  Then, modify the sketch in two completely different ways to change the output of the system. Raise your hand once you have completed both changes. Be prepared to share out your change!