1. Classical China CLASSICAL ERA IN THE EAST

2. KEY TERMS (HW) Aryans Hinduism Reincarnation Caste System Buddha Emperor Asoka Mauryan Empire Gupta Empire Zhou Dynasty Mandates of Heaven Confucius Qin Dynasty Shih Huang-ti Great Wall of China Han Dynasty

3. MANDATE OF HEAVEN

4. DYNASTIES OF CHINA Zhou Dynasty (1027 B.C.- 221 B.C.) Conquered Shang Dynasty Rulers were Mandate of Heaven (chosen to rule by heaven) Selfish rulers would be overthrown by disasters and riots Land given to nobles in exchange for military service Civil unrest ensued once nobles gained too much power Out of the unrest came Confucius and Lao Tzu

5. CONFUCIANISM Built a philosophy based on the order of the universe ( our role in society) Follow traditional ways (obedience and social order) Each person should live up to his or her name and fulfill their social obligations Family is very important and children should show their parents total devotion called filial piety

6. Confucianism stressed the importance of family and order No matter who was in charge Confucianism continued because of its social benefits. CONFUCIANISM CONTINUED

7. DAOISM Based on the teachings of Lao Tzu Nature has a way in which it moves (the Dao) Accept the way of nature and don’t try to resist it Acceptance is a major part of the Dao for harmony Achieve enlightenment by “non- striving,” enjoying nature, and using contemplation to abandon earthly concerns

8. QIN DYNASTY (221 B.C.- 206 B.C.) ( CHIN ) Shin Huang-ti was provincial ruler who unified all of China through conquest (1 st to call himself “Emperor”) Absolute ruler and would punish those who were bad Despised Confucianism and persecuted scholars Built the Great Wall of China, canals and roads connecting China, unified written language and measurements Also had an immense army of clay soldiers surround him in his tomb

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10. HAN DYNASTY (206 B.C.E.- 220 C.E.) The Han took over for the Qin Dynasty. After several years of civil war the Han Emperors emerged victorious During Han China the culture Invented: Paper Lead glazed ceramics Advanced silk weaving Porcelain

11. Created Civil Service Exams for Govt. service based on history and Confucianism Used for the Bureaucracy. Government Jobs. Civil Service exams allowed common men to move up the social ladder Weakened Nobles’ powers. Made the Han Emperors more powerful HAN DYNASTY - GOVERNMENT

12. SIZE OF HAN CHINA

13. Established the “Silk Roads” from China to the Roman Empire Network of Trade Routes. Nobody traveled entire route. Multiple exchanges along the way Buddhism traveled to China from India on the Silk Road SILK ROADS

15. LIFE IN THE HAN DYNASTY Families had many children, the boys were raised to be in the military or work in the government, and the girls would be raised to serve their future arranged husband Each Family split their land among their sons evenly So each generation had less and less wealth and land Eventually this caused social instability and civil unrest

16. The Han Empire lasted over 400 years The Empire was so big that communication suffered and individual Governors started to break away Social Instability Corruption in the Govt. Huns Also invaded They never overran China the way they did Rome or India END OF THE HAN EMPIRE