1. Section 8.3 Summary – pages 211 - 213 Cancer is a growth resulting from uncontrolled cell division. Occasionally, cells lose control of the cell cycle. Control of Cell Cycle This loss of control may be caused by environmental factors or certain inheritances.

2. Section 8.3 Summary – pages 211 - 213 Scientists believe that if something goes wrong with these enzymes, they cause cells to skip a long interphase and divide a lot faster than they should. Control of Cell Cycle There are enzymes (proteins) that control the rate of the cell’s life cycle.

3. Section 8.3 Summary – pages 211 - 213 A bunch of cancer cells together form masses of tissue called tumors that deprive normal cells of nutrients. CANCER

4. Section 8.3 Summary – pages 211 - 213 The causes of cancer are difficult to pinpoint because both genetic and environmental factors are involved. CANCER Cancer may also be caused by viral infections that damage the genes.

5. DNA, Viruses, and Cell Cycle Review Game ROUND 1 – 5 POINTS EACH ROUND 2 – 10 POINTS EACH ROUND 3 - 15 POINTS EACH

6. 1. What is the structure below?

7. Nucleotide- a subunit of a nucleic acid

8. 2. Label the parts of this DNA nucleotide. 1. 2. 3.

9. 2. Label the parts of this DNA nucleotide. 1. Phosphate group 2. sugar 3. Nitrogenous base

10. 3. A cell contains 27 chromosomes. It goes through mitosis. How many chromosomes does the new daughter cell contain?

11. 27

12. 4. What does a pyrimidine always bond with?

13. A purine

14. 5. During what stage of the cell cycle does the below process occur?

15. INTERPHASE

16. ROUND 2

17. 1. Below are the pictures of the four phases of mitosis. Name them and put them in order of occurrence. A. B. C. D.

18. 1. Below are the pictures of the four phases of mitosis. Name them and put them in order of occurrence. A. anaphaseB. metaphaseC. telophaseD. prophase

19. 2. What do the dotted lines represent?

20. Hydrogen Bonds

21. 3. During what phase of nuclear division does chromatin coil up into chromosomes?

22. Prophase

23. 4. HIV and chicken pox are viruses that integrate their nucleic acids into the DNA of their host cell. What is their replication cycle called?

24. Lysogenic

25. 5. Why can’t HIV attack red blood cells or other types of white blood cells (like B cells)?

26. It must fit like a puzzle piece into the receptor site of a particular cell- so it can only attack Helper T’s

27. What is the bursting of a cell called? (It happens when virus leave a host cell)

28. What is the bursting of a cell called? (It happens when virus leave a host cell) Lysis

29. ROUND 3

30. 1. Match the explanation of what is happening with each stage of the virus lytic cycle. 1.____ Lysis 2.____ Viral DNA is taking over Host cell’s DNA 3.____ Virus attaches to cell’s receptor site 4.____ The cell is forced to make virus copies 5.____ The virus injects it’s DNA into the host cell

31. 1. Match the explanation of what is happening with each stage of the virus lytic cycle. 1.____ Lysis 2.____ Viral DNA is taking over Host cell’s DNA 3.____ Virus attaches to cell’s receptor site 4.____ The cell is forced to make virus copies 5.____ The virus injects it’s DNA into the host cell E C A D B

32. 2. a. What is the process shown below? b. What is the end result of this process? c. What is significant about the blue and pink lines? Original DNA New DNA Parental DNA

33. 2. a. What is the process shown below? DNA Replication b. What is the end result of this process? 2 Identical DNA strands c. What is significant about the blue and pink lines? one strand in the new dnas will be from the original, one will be newly formed from free nucleotides Original DNA New DNA Parental DNA

34. 3. Hydrogen bonds are to nitrogenous bases… A. as, Covalent bonds are to Adenine and Thymine B. as, Hydrogen bonds are to Phosphates and Sugar C. as, Peptide bonds are to DNA D. as, Covalent bonds are to Phosphates and Sugars

35. 3. Hydrogen bonds are to nitrogenous bases… A. as, Covalent bonds are to Adenine and Thymine B. as, Hydrogen bonds are to Phosphates and Sugar C. as, Peptide bonds are to DNA D. as, Covalent bonds are to Phosphates and Sugars

36. 4. Give two reasons why cells need to divide to make new cells.

37. Repair, Replace Dead, Growth

38. 5. What three things occur during Interphase?

39. Growth, Organelle duplication, DNA replication