1. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings C h a p t e r 6 The Skeletal System: Axial Division PowerPoint ® Lecture Slides prepared by Agnes Yard and Michael Yard Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

2. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Lateral and anterior to the carotid foramen, the temporal bone articulates with what bone? a. sphenoid bone b. ethmoid bone c. temporal bone d. parietal bone

3. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following statements best describes the differences between the skulls of infants and adults? a. The skulls differ in terms of shape and structure of cranial elements. b. The cranium of a young child is relatively smaller than that of an adult. c. The most significant growth in the skull occurs before age three. d. All of the above statements are true.

4. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following vertebra is known as the “vertebra prominens” due to its long spinous process that can be palpated? a. C 2 b. C 7 c. T 1 d. L 1

5. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which facial bone bears an incisive fossa, which marks the openings of the incisive canals through which small arteries and nerves are transmitted? a. nasal b. mandible c. vomer d. maxilla

6. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following statements does not accurately describe the ethmoid bone? a. It is an irregularly shaped bone that forms part of the orbital wall. b. It forms the posteromedial floor of the cranium. c. It forms part of the nasal septum. d. It has three parts: the cribriform plate, the ethmoidal labyrinth, and the perpendicular plate.

7. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following statements regarding vertebral regions is correct? a. Five lumbar vertebrae form the lower back, and the fifth articulates with the coccyx. b. During development, the sacrum originates as a group of five vertebrae; whereas, the coccyx begins as three to five very small vertebrae. c. The twelve thoracic vertebrae form the mid-back region, and each vertebra articulates with two pairs of ribs. d. All of the above are correct.

8. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following statements regarding cervical vertebrae is false? a. The superior surface of the body is convex from side to side, sloping, with the anterior edge inferior to the posterior edge. b. The spinous process is relatively stumpy, usually shorter than the diameter of the vertebral foramen. c. Laterally, the transverse processes are fused to the costal processes, which are fused remnants of cervical ribs. d. The costal and transverse processes encircle transverse foramina, which protect the vertebral arteries and vertebral veins.

9. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which cranial bone articulates with every other cranial bone, extends from one side to the other across the floor of the cranium, and acts as a bridge, connecting cranial and facial bones? a. ethmoid b. temporal c. parietal d. sphenoid

10. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings In the condition called lordosis, which vertebral curvature is affected, and in which direction is the exaggeration? a. thoracic curve, anterior exaggeration b. thoracic curve, posterior exaggeration c. lumbar curve, anterior exaggeration d.lumbar curve, posterior exaggeration

11. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which structures form most of the hard palate of the mouth? a. frontal processes of the maxillae b.palatal processes of the maxillae c. horizontal plates of the palatine bones d. alveolar processes of the maxillae

12. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which vertebral structure transfers weight along the axis of the vertebral column? a. vertebral arch b. transverse processes c. vertebral body (centrum) d. spinous processes

13. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following is not a function of the thoracic cage? a. It serves as an attachment point for muscles involved with respiration. b. It protects the heart, lungs, thymus, and liver. c. It serves as an attachment site for muscles involved with the position of the vertebral column. d. All of the above are functions of the thoracic cage.

14. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which bone of the skull forms most of the posterior wall of the orbit? a. ethmoid b. inferior nasal conchae c. palatine d. sphenoid

15. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following does not accurately describe the lambdoid suture? a. It arches across the posterior surface of the skull. b. One or more sutural (Wormian) bones may be found along this suture. c. It separates the occipital bone from the temporal bones. d. none of the above

16. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The temporalis muscle inserts onto the mandible at which location? a. coronoid process b. coracoid process c. condylar process d. ramus

17. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which vertebral region permits a relatively greater degree of flexibility, through the interlocking vertebral bodies, than do other regions? a. C 3 –C 7 b. C 1 –C 7 c. T 6 –T 12 d. T 8 –T 10

18. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which bones of the skull form the middle cranial fossa? a. sphenoid, ethmoid, and parietal b. sphenoid, temporal, and parietal c. temporal, ethmoid, and parietal d. temporal, frontal, and parietal

19. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which are considered “true ribs,” because they attach directly to the sternum? a. ribs 1–7 b. ribs 1–8 c. ribs 1–9 d. ribs 1–10

20. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following does not accurately describe the sternum? a.The tongue-shaped body has individual costal cartilages for rib pairs 2 – 7. b. The muscular diaphragm and the external oblique muscles plus the rectus abdominis attach to the xiphoid process. c. The jugular notch is the shallow indentation on the superior surface of the manubrium, located between the clavicular articulations. d. none of the above

21. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following structures surrounds articulations with teeth? a. the palatal process of the maxillae b. the orbital region of the maxillae c. the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid d. the alveolar process of the maxillae

22. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Compression fractures or compression-dislocation fractures after a hard fall most often involve which vertebrae? a. L 1 – L 2 b. T 12 c. L 4 – L 5 d. a and b

23. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which facial bone bears an orbital process, which forms a small portion of the posterior floor of the orbit? a. palatine b. maxilla c. lacrimal d. sphenoid

24. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following is/are not considered to be bones of the cranium? a. sphenoid b. ethmoid c. inferior nasal conchae d. temporal bone

25. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which fontanel(s) is/are found at the junction(s) between the squamous and coronal sutures? a. anterior fontanel b. posterior fontanel c. sphenoidal fontanels d. mastoid fontanels

26. Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The inferior orbital fissures are foramina associated with which bone? a. frontal bone b.maxillae c. ethmoid d. inferior nasal conchae