1. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint Lectures for Biology: Concepts and Connections, Fifth Edition – Campbell, Reece, Taylor, and Simon Lectures by Chris Romero Chapter 19 Human Evolution

2. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 19.0 Neanderthals - an evolutionarily recent - lived in Europe until about

3. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings PRIMATE DIVERSITY 19.1 The human story from our - mammalian order Primates includes: - - Primates evolved as small mammals by - most living primates are

4. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 19.2 Primate features: - grasping hands & feet with - forward-pointing eyes for - ex. -

5. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings The lorises and lemurs - oldest group on - all live in - all are threatened by

6. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 19.3 Anthropoid group - includes - humans are members of Anthropoid features: - larger - reliance on - opposable - Anthropoids began diverging from other primates about

7. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 19.4 New World monkeys - Central and - - nostrils are wide open and - many have a Old World monkeys - lack a - nostrils

8. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 19.5 Hominoids = humans and four other groups of apes ( - chiefly - lack - have longer forelimbs than - have relatively

9. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 19.6 Chimpanzee behavior resembles human’s - make and - aid other - can learn - seem to be

10. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Gorillas and Chimpanzees - more closely related to humans than Chimpanzees - our closest - sharing more than

11. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings HOMINID EVOLUTION 19.7 The human branch of the primate tree - only a few - humans and chimpanzees diverged from a common ancestor - "Lucy," a fossil dating back ___________ years, indicates it was

12. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 19.8 Homo erectus - the first hominid to - eventually as far as Homo sapiens - evolved in - later migrated to

13. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings CONNECTION 19.7 Why aren't all humans dark skinned? - UV radiation helps - adaptation to varying amounts of - dark-skinned humans evolving in equatorial Africa - received - loss of pigmentation (lighter-skinned) - allowed humans migrating to ___________ latitudes to receive sufficient UV

14. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings CONNECTION 19.8 A genetic difference helped humans start speaking - language - 19.9 Culture gives humans enormous power to change - Human culture: - the accumulated knowledge, customs, arts, beliefs, and other products

15. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 19.10 Homo sapiens - a unique force in the history of - we change the environment to - we have been able to transcend our physical limitations at the expense of

16. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 19.11 The earliest human endeavors - - were how the earliest - continue today in

17. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Toolmaking - led to hunting being a Agriculture - was a major development in - farming was the first step in Homo sapiens becoming the - communal - divided

18. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 19.12 The Industrial Revolution - initiated a change to large-scale - development of - more food production and - led to a rapidly growing