1. Part A – Background Information Slides 3 -19 Part B – Safety Information Slides 21 - 37 Part C – Discussion Pictures Slides 39 - 43

2. The video “A Trip Unplanned” was produced and evaluated with support from the Arkansas Emergency Medical Services for Children State Partnership. Robert Williams, MD was the principal investigator. Co-investigators for the project were Mary E. Aitken, MD MPH and James Graham, MD. Supplemental teaching materials accompanying the video were produced and evaluated with support from the Emergency Medical Services for Children Targeted Issues award number 1 H34MC08514-01-00. Mary E. Aitken, MD MPH was the principal investigator. Co-investigators for the project were James Graham, MD; James Helmkamp, PhD; and Maria Brann, PhD.

4. 3-Wheelers in Japan 3-Wheelers in U.S. 4-Wheelers in U.S. Youth-size ATVs UTVs developed Specialty Vehicle Institute of America (SVIA) formed by 4 major ATV manufacturers Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) files suit against SVIA Consent Decree required safety provisions with new sales Consent Decree expired Consent Decree became voluntary CPSC Act passed 19671970 198219841989 1983 1987 198819982008

5. ATVs are increasingly popular The number of ATVs in use in the U.S. has nearly tripled from about 3.6 million in 1999 to 10.2 million in 2008 1.1 million new ATVs were sold in the U.S. in 2007 ATVs are becoming larger, heavier, and faster U.S. Government Accountability Office, 2010

6. 4-Wheeler / QuadUtility / UTV

7. Gasoline powered Knobby, low pressure tires High center of gravity Engine displacement 50 to over 900 cc Speeds > 80 MPH on some models Made for a single rider only – the driver

8. Gasoline or diesel powered (400 to 800 cc engines) Knobby, low pressure tires High center of gravity Speeds > 30 MPH on some models Seats for the driver and a specified number of passengers Small “truck bed” behind the rider section for transporting equipment or supplies – not to carry additional passengers

9. UTV Golf Cart

10. UTV Tires – Large diameter, low pressure, and knobby for use in off-road conditions High ground clearance for going over obstacles in off- road terrain Very heavy machine with a large gas or diesel engine built for speed and torque – many can go over 30 mph Small truck bed and hitch for hauling materials Golf Cart Tires – Small diameter, hard and high pressure, with light tread for use on golf course terrain Low ground clearance for smooth golf course terrain Much lighter than a UTV – most have a battery powered electric motor for a slow pace on a golf course around 10 mph Small rack for hauling golf clubs

11. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children under the age of 16 not be allowed to ride ATVs. If a parent decides to purchase an ATV for a child’s use, the following guidelines became the industry standard in 2009. Age ClassificationMaximum limited speed capacity with a speed governor (mph) Maximum unrestricted speed capacity without a speed governor (mph) Y-6+: Children 6 years old and older 1015 Y-10+: Children 10 years old and older 1530 Y-12+: Children 12 years old and older 1530 Transitional: Children 14 years old and older 20 and 3038 American National Standard for Four Wheel All-Terrain Vehicles, 2007

12. ATV exposure is common among U.S. children, particularly in rural areas Use patterns are not consistent with manufacturer and public health recommendations Children under age 16 account for: a. ~ 22% of ATV-involved deaths b. ~ 30% of ATV-involved patients treated in emergency departments Consumer Product Safety Commission, 2008

13. Bicycle 120 million riders (2005) 4,924 deaths in all age groups during the six-year period Deaths of children decreased by 22% ATV 24 million riders (2005) 5,204 deaths in all age groups during the six-year period Deaths of children increased by 15% Helmkamp et al. Public Health Report, 2009

14. YearAll Ages< Age 16% < Age 16 2000 92,20032,00035% 2001110,10034,30031% 2002113,90037,10033% 2003125,50038,60031% 2004136,10044,70033% 2005137,70040,40029% 2006146,60039,30027% 2007150,90040,00027% 8 Year Total1,013,000306,400 Average126,62538,30030% Consumer Product Safety Commission, 2007

16. ATV crashes occur all year, but nearly half occur from May through August Where position on the ATV is known, 67% of those injured were driving the ATV and 33% were riding as a passenger Primary sites of injury: a. Head = 42% b. Lower Extremities = 25% c. Abdominal/Thoracic = 11% AR Children’s Hospital Pediatric Trauma Service, 1998-2009

17. Deaths occur in: Collisions (56% of deaths) – More than half with a fixed object Rollovers (35% of deaths) – Backward more common than forward 60% occur on roadways Only 1% occur on ATV trails Consumer Product Safety Commission, 1999

18. YearFatalities % of Fatalities All Ages< Age 16 200045012428% 200151713226% 200254813324% 200365315323% 200475318024% 200580416320% 200683214317% 200769912418% 8 yr. total52561152 Ave. Per Yr.65714422% Consumer Product Safety Commission, 2007

19. 20062007 20082009 Concerned Families for ATV Safety, 2010

21. DVD Posters Brochures CD with power point and printable versions of the posters Facilitator Guide

23. T – Training Take an ATV Safety Rider Course Suggested Contacts: a. ATV Safety Institute – www.atvsafety.org b. 4-H Community ATV Safety Program – www.atv-youth.org

24. R – Ride Off-Road Always drive ATVs on unpaved trails Low pressure tires on ATVs are not made to be driven on hard surfaces Driving on paved roads can cause a driver to lose control in tight turns Do not ride an ATV where cars and other vehicles ride – they can’t see you and you can’t hear them

25. I – Impairment No drugs or alcohol Driving an ATV requires your full attention and concentration

26. P – Plan Ahead Scout the area for hazards before you ride Let someone know where you are riding and when you will return Take along a cell phone, first aid kit, and water for emergencies

27. S – Single Rider Most ATVs are for a single rider only, the driver – unless specified for two ATVs are rider active, meaning the driver has to shift his/her position to help steer the ATV Carrying a passenger on a ATV changes the machine’s balance and limits the driver’s control

28. S – Safety Gear Helmet Goggles Long sleeves Gloves Long pants Boots

30. Certification to look for when buying a helmet – DOT – Department of Transportation or ANSI – American National Standards Institute or SNELL – Snell Memorial Foundation

31. Always buckle the chin strap when riding Keep helmet, chin strap, and eye protection equipment clean Buy a helmet that fits Wear a helmet every trip

32. Goggles or Face Shield Protects the eyes from: Dirt Limbs Briars Weather-related conditions

33. Helps protect the body from injuries due to contact with tree limbs, briars, and other trail hazards

34. Helps protect the body from contact with tree limbs, briars, and other trail hazards Gloves help keep hands on the ATV’s hand grip for steering purposes If boots are not available, wear closed-toed shoes – sandals offer no protection Boots/shoes need to have a heel to help keep feet on foot pegs

36. Make sure the gun is unloaded for transport Never transport the gun by carrying it in a hand, across your lap, or over your shoulder Transport Method A: In a case securely fastened to the rear utility rack Transport Method B: In an ATV-mounted gun case

43. Injury Prevention Center Arkansas Children’s Hospital 1 Children’s Way – Slot 512-26 Little Rock, AR 72202 Attention – ATV Safety Education Web: www.archildrens.org/injurypreventionwww.archildrens.org/injuryprevention Local: 501-364-3400 Toll Free: 866-611-3445