1. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT), Japan Japan’ position and proposal on draft of OBD-gtr 3 June 2014 Fuel system monitoring in J-OBD- EPPR-07-15e

2.  Basic idea of fuel system monitoring in J-OBD I - Japan Central Environmental Council has recommended that fuel system monitoring should be mandated in J-OBD I for motorcycles because this monitoring is significant to keep the environmental performance of motorcycles properly. The timing of the implementation should be the end of 2016. - J-OBD I requirements should include the fuel system monitoring because Japan Air Pollution Control Act states that the recommendation should be respected. Fuel system monitoring in J-OBD I 2

3.  Technical justification for Fuel System Monitoring - Many models are fitted with a closed loop catalytic converter system to meet the strict emission regulation. And it is important to monitor it by using OBD system. - The key to the effectiveness of catalytic converter is the precise air fuel ratio feedback control which depends on the right operation of the fuel system. - This is the reason why the fuel system should be monitored. - This monitoring is only for FI vehicle with closed loop catalytic converter system. O2 Sensor ECU Fuel Injector Fuel Pump Catalytic Converter Fuel trim value 3

4. Correction toward rich Normal behavior Fuel trim value Criteria value for irregular condition: Lean Side If the fuel system is normal and A/F F/B-control works stably, fuel trim value should be in this range. Criteria value for irregular condition : Rich Side  How to monitor? - The criteria is to check if fuel trim value is within a normal behavior range because the purpose of this monitoring is to detect the fuel system malfunction. - Concrete criteria value is defined by each manufacturer with consideration for the normal behavior range and the tolerances. (not only the fuel system components but also engine, evapo, fuel and environment etc.) - Therefore, this monitoring has nothing to do with emission threshold. Fuel system monitoring in J-OBD I Correction toward lean Fault good 4

5. Fuel system monitoring in J-OBD I  Feasibility due to no relation with emission threshold - In case where the OBD emission threshold applies, the correlation between fuel trim value and emission value must be clarified. This means technological level is equivalent to OBD II. - Technological level of the fuel system monitoring in J-OBD I is feasible and is not yet up to OBD II level, because the criteria of monitoring depends on fuel trim value only without emission threshold. Fuel trim value OBD emission threshold Emission value (g/km) Emission limit To find the correlation is technologically difficult and equivalent to OBD II 5  Feasibility due to experiences in FI vehicle system -Typical FI vehicle already has the limitation of fuel trim value to prevent an excessive A/F correction. -Therefore this monitoring is an extension of the limit value concept.

6.  How to demonstrate? - To be able to detect the fault on a specific test cycle when the malfunction is simulated electronically or electrically or mechanically. Fuel system monitoring in J-OBD I WMTC for DC (Max.3cycles) WMTC for preconditioning IG Off/On IG Off/On -Confirm MI activation and correct DTC indication -After that, remove the simulated failure -To erase DTC IG Off/On -Simulate a failure An example of demonstration procedure 6 -Erase DTC, If MI activates during the preconditioning cycle

7. Japan’ s proposal for gtr  Japan’s proposal - In Japan, the implementation of the fuel system monitoring is mandated according to the recommendation from Central Environmental Council. - Japan believes that such a monitoring which is significant to keep the environmental performance of motorcycles properly should be promoted worldwide. Therefore, Japan would like to make a proposal that the fuel system monitoring is included in OBD I gtr. 7