1. Geology Vocabulary

2. A crack in the Earth’s crust along which the blocks of rock on either side have been pushed together or moved apart; they are created by pressure on Earth’s plates as they move

3. Fault

4. the name scientists have given to the super-continent that once contained all the major continents in the world about 248 million years ago

5. Pangaea

6. The outer portion of Earth

7. Crust

8. A movement of Earth’s crust

9. Earthquake

10. Temporarily inactive

11. Dormant

12. Earth’s innermost layer, which is composed mainly of iron and nickel and is separated into different zones, the outer core and the inner core

13. Core

14. molten rock found UNDER Earth’s surface

15. Magma

16. the layer of Earth found between the crust and the core

17. Mantle

18. A hot spring that occasionally releases water and steam into the air

19. Geyser

20. Groundwater that comes to the surface when it is heated by geothermal energy

21. Hot spring

22. molten rock moved to Earth’s surface by a volcano

23. Lava

24. A volcano that was once active but has stopped erupting and will never erupt again; these volcanoes are often eroded at the surface.

25. Extinct Volcano

26. rigid layers of Earth’s crust, including the continental and oceanic crusts that drift slowly atop the mantle

27. Tectonic Plates

28. the movement and reformation of continents due to the shifting of the ocean’s crust and the mantle underneath

29. Plate Tectonics

30. a seismic sea wave that is caused by an earthquake, landslide, or volcanic activity that occurs under the ocean

31. Tsunami

32. a numerical scale that measures the magnitude of an earthquake

33. Richter scale

34. an opening in the crust of Earth that ejects lava, gases, and ash

35. Volcano

36. A machine that detects and records the intensity of ground movements such as earthquakes

37. Seismograph