1. Baker v. Carr

2. The Facts
Charles Baker was a republican from Shelby county, Tennessee.
Tennessee was supposed to redistrict every ten years, but they didn't
Baker claimed it hurt his political career, he sued Tennessee's Secretary of State, John Carr
Baker's argument was that this discrepancy was causing him to fail to receive the "equal protection of the laws" required by the Fourteenth Amendment

3. Tennessee argued that the courts did not have a say in political matters
The courts claimed they did, and ruled in favor of Baker

4. This case was a question of judicial power in political affairs
This case was a question of judicial power in political affairs. It was cited in 2000 in the Bush Gore election Supreme Court case.

5. Gibbons v. Ogden

6. The Facts
In 1808, New York legislation had passed a law creating a monopoly on the steamboat commerce
Thomas Gibbons was given permission to use these waterways through a law passed by Congress.
Aaron Ogden complained to the state of New York and they revoked Gibbons' right to operate on these waters

7. Gibbons appealed to the Supreme Court
the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Gibbons, stating that the federal government has supreme power over state government
this case played an important role in establishing the extent of federal power

8. Munn v. Illinois

9. The Facts Munn was a partner in a Chicago warehouse firm
he was found guilty for charging too much for the price of storing grain by an Illinois court
Munn appealed to the Supreme Court
He claimed his right to charge money was protected by the fourteenth amendment

10. The Supreme Court ruled in favor of Illinois, stating that the government has the right to regulate private businesses for the sake of the public good.
this was an important case in expanding government power in commerce

11. St. Louis & Pacific Railway Company v. Illinois

12. The Facts
An Illinois law imposed a penalty on railroads that charged the same or more money for passengers or goods shipped for shorter distances than for longer distances.
The St. Louis & Pacific Railroad Co was penalized when they did exactly that
They appealed to the Supreme Court

13. The issue in this case was whether or not states had the power to regulate interstate commerce
The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the railroad, claiming that only Congress and the federal government has the power to regulate interstate railroad rates
this case, much like Munn v. Illinois, was also a landmark in expanding federal power over states