1. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 1 Waste to Energy: Using Superhuman Powers for Good 2006 FALL SUMMIT West Palm Beach, Florida November 16, 2006 Scott C. Shannon, P.E. Malcolm Pirnie, Inc.

2. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 2 About the Title…

3. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 3 Some Traits of Superheroes…  Special Powers and Abilities  Trademark Tool or Weapon  Serving the Greater Good in their Communities and the Larger World  Secret Identity

4. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 4 Special Powers and Abilities  Shrinks the amount of waste ultimately requiring disposal  Able to transform trash into usable energy  Recovers (otherwise discarded) metal resources

5. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 5 Trademark Tools  Furnace  Boiler  Turbine-Generator  Spray Dryer Absorber  Fabric Filter or ESP  Activated Carbon  Ammonia Injection  Magnet  Eddy Current Separator

6. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 6 Serving The Greater Good Maximizing the Capacity of Landfills…

7. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 7 …To Preserve Our Valuable Land

8. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 8 Serving The Greater Good Reducing Our Dependence on Foreign Oil and Preserving Our Own Fossil Resources

9. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 9 How Much? One ton of garbage = 500 lbs. Of Coal 1 Barrel of Oil 550 kWh electricity

10. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 10 Reduces Greenhouse Gas Emissions  Displaces CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion  Avoids methane generation and emissions from landfills  Reduces energy consumption and emissions from mining metals

11. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 11 Enables Recycling of other Materials

12. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 12 Secret Identity?

13. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 13 Not Necessarily Invincible, but Formidable  The “Bubble”  Carbone Decision (Flow Controls)  Ash Residue Testing  Legal Battles  Bankruptcy

14. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 14 Often Misunderstood, Feared…  Mercury  Dioxin  “Toxic” Ash

15. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 15 …But (Most) Eventually Embraced  Waste-to Energy Facilities Process 32 Million Tons Per Year of MSW Nationally

16. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS Lee County, FL North Broward County, FL South Broward County, FL Lake County, FL Tampa, FL Florida Has 12 of the Nation’s 89 Municipal Solid WTE Facilities Palm Beach County, FL Pinellas County, FL

17. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 17 …Waste to Energy Facilities process 22 percent of Florida’s MSW Over 20,000 tons of MSW is processed in Florida daily WTEs serve half of Florida’s population Florida’s Experience…

18. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 18 Communities Investing Millions in Retrofits or Upgrades

19. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 19 Ever Heard of These Guys?

20. INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS AND CONSULTANTS 20 How About These? Plasma Arc Pyrolytic Gasification (Perhaps you will.)