1. Coastal Property Damage Mitigation Risk Assessment GEOL 4093

2. Mitigation Engineering –Strengthen or move buildings –Armor the coast Land Use Planning –Limit or reduce development density –Can help implement new techniques such as clustered housing –Easiest with new developments

3. Responses to an Eroding Shoreline Hard Stabilization –Seawalls, groins, breakwaters, etc. Soft Stabilization –Beach replenishment, dune building Relocation or retreat –Move back from eroding shoreline

4. Hard Stabilization (Seawalls, etc.) Advantages –Most dependable way to save beachfront property Disadvantages –Degrades the recreational beach –Reduces beach access –Costly –unsightly

6. New Jerseyization

8. Modes of Beach Destruction by Seawalls Placement Loss –Seawall is built on the recreational beach Passive Loss –Beach continues to retreat and narrows in front of the seawall Active Loss –Seawall directly causes erosion

10. Metropolitan San Juan Dry Beach Widths

19. Soft Stabilization (Beach Nourishment) Advantages –Widens the beach –Protects buildings while beach is in place Disadvantages –Temporary –Costly –Unknown environmental effects

27. Relocation or Retreat Advantages –Responds to sea-level rise –Preserves the beach –Saves shoreline stabilization costs –Preserves builidings Disadvantages –Politically difficult –Potentially costly –Loss of land

37. Mitigation Options Hard Stabilization Soft Stabilization Vegetation Development and infrastructure Zoning and land use planning

51. Our Approach to Mitigation Coastal landform protection, restoration, augmentation Mostly low cost Many things individuals can do Environmentally sensitive Considers geologic/oceanographic processes

52. PAR For the Shore Preserve, Augment, Restore –Dunes (frontal and interior) –Coastal barriers of all types Mangroves Shoals River mouth bars Maritime forest –Add new sand to island

53. Pandora’s Island—Mitigation on the Beach

54. Pandora’s Island—Mitigation back from the beach

55. Pandora’s Island becomes Fantasy Island