1. Socializing the Individual Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Unit 3: Socialization Personality Development Essential Questions: How does socialization influence the human experience? How does the nature/nurture debate affect socialization?

2. Socializing the Individual Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.

3. Socializing the Individual Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. QUICK LAB: Entrance Ticket Read and answer the questions on the ticket. We will discuss your answers. Now, replace words in each statement to make them “understandable” to you and your peers.

4. Socializing the Individual Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. To understand the effects of “nature and nurture” on human development, some scholars have studied identical twins separated at birth and adopted by different families. These studies revealed that even twins separated at birth share some characteristics with their siblings years later. This proves that while some traits are genetically inherited, others are learned from the environment in which a child is raised. Case Study: Identical Strangers

5. Socializing the Individual Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Our America with Lisa Ling Twin Video Clip Our America with Lisa Ling Twin Video Clip

6. Socializing the Individual Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Guiding Questions: What is the history behind the nature versus nurture debate? What are the main factors that affect personality development? How does social environment influence personality? Main Idea: Although the nature versus nurture debate has raged for decades, most social scientists believe a blend of the two influences personality. Personality Development

7. Socializing the Individual Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. What makes you the person that you are?

8. Socializing the Individual Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. personality A personality is the sum total of behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, and values that are characteristic of an individual. Heredity is the transmission of genetic characteristics from parents to children Instinct is an unchanging biologically inherited behavior Sociobiology searches for the biological basis of all social behaviorNature Nature Versus Nurture Social environment can imprint characteristics on a child Pavlov’s experiments showed that behavior could be taught Most social scientists believe personality arises from a mixture of both nature and nurtureNurture

9. Socializing the Individual Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Sociobiology scientists claimed that all social behavior has biological roots. genetic factors decide much of human social life even competition, cooperation, greed, envy, religion are biologically-based behavior. The biological basis for social behavior.

10. Socializing the Individual Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Heredity Characteristics present at birth such as hair type, eye color, and certain aptitudes. Biological drives like hunger and thirst. Culture decides how you will use or satisfy these characteristics. Parental Characteristics Age, level of education, religious orientation, economic status, cultural heritage, and occupation of parents can shape personalities of children. Birth Order Personalities are influenced by brothers and sisters. Early-born siblings have different traits than later-born siblings. Cultural Environment Each culture has set “model personalities.” Individuals experience a culture in different ways. Factors in Personality Development

11. Socializing the Individual Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Personal Personality Chart Heredity At least 3 genetic characteristics Birth Order At least 2 characteristics associated with yours which you feel are most accurately describe your personality Parental Characteristics At least 4 characteristics of your parents you feel influence your personality development Cultural Environment At least 2 ways your culture influences your personality development

12. Socializing the Individual Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. A gap of 5+ years between siblings “resets” the birth order “clock” The next child is a firstborn, etc.

13. Socializing the Individual Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Feral children (video link) and those with very little contact with a social environment do not develop skills such as walking or language.Feral children In some instances, remedial therapy can allow isolated children to develop language and social skills. Studies indicated that our personalities come from our social environment. Influence of Social Environment Anna Confined to an attic until age 6. Given minimal care and almost no human contact. Could not walk, talk, feed herself. Isabelle Similar to Anna, but had been confined with her deaf mother. Because of contact with her mother, after months of intense therapy was able to speak and catch up cognitively.

14. Socializing the Individual Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Children who have been institutionalized may share some characteristics of those who have been isolated. Studies show that a lack of human contact can result in developmental abnormalities as well as death.