1. AMMUNITION CAPABILITIES

2. Terminal Learning Objective
Action: Identify Bradley Fighting Vehicle 25MM and Tow Ammunition
Conditions: Given a specific type of ammunition in a classroom environment.
Standards:The student must achieve a minimum of 80% on a written examination, on being able to identify the Bradley Fighting Vehicle 25MM and Tow ammunition (correctly) IAW FM

3. Enabling Learning Objective
Title: List the characteristics, capabilities and markings of the
M791 ammunition.
Conditions: Given a specific type of 25mm ammunition in a
classroom environment.
Standards:The student must list the characteristics, capabilities
and markings of M791 ammunition (correctly) IAW FM
Time/ Distance of flight 2. Tracer burn time/
range 3. Trajectory characteristics 4. Stabilization
factors 5. Max effective ranges 6. Factors affecting
max effective ranges 7. Factors affecting detonation
8. markings.

4. ARMOR-PIERCING DISCARDING SABOT WITH TRACER.
AMMUNITION CAPABILITIES
M791 APDS-T
CHARACTERISTICS
ARMOR-PIERCING DISCARDING SABOT WITH TRACER.
(APDS-T)
PENETRATES LIGHTLY ARMORED VEHICLES, SELF-
PROPELLED ARTILLERY, AND AERIAL TARGETS
(HELICOPTERS AND SLOW-MOVING FIXED-WING AIRCRAFT) O O
TUNGSTEN ALLOY PENETRATOR O
PENETRATES BY KINETIC ENERGY
PROJECTILE SABOT AND NOSE CAP ARE BLACK WITH
WHITE MARKINGS O 1

5. M791 APDS-T MUZZLE VELOCITY: 1,345 MPS (+/- 20 MPS)
TRACER BURNOUT: >1.4 SEC. / >2,000 M
PENETRATION: 44MM AT 2000M AT 0 DEG
MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE RANGE: 2000 METERS
MAINTAINS ACCURACY OUT TO: 2200 METERS
MAXIMUM RANGE: 14,572 METERS

6. M791 APDS-T NOSE CAP WINDSCREEN TUNGSTEN CORE, SUBPROJECTILE
DISCARDING SABOT
PROJECTILE ASSEMBLY
TRACER
BASE
CASE CARTRIDGE
PROPELLANT
PRIMER

7. Enabling Learning Objective
Action: List the characteristics, capabilities and markings of the
M910 ammunition.
Conditions: Given a specific type of 25mm ammunition in a
classroom environment.
Standards:The student must list the characteristics, capabilities
and markings of M910 ammunition (correctly) IAW FM
Time/ Distance of flight 2. Tracer burn time/
range 3. Trajectory characteristics 4. Stabilization
factors 5. Max effective ranges 6. Factors affecting
max effective ranges 7. markings.

8. M910 TPDS-T CHARACTERISTICS O O O
TARGET PRACTICE DISCARDING SABOT WITH TRACER (TPDS-T) O
USED ON LIMITED DISTANCE RANGES. O
STEEL PROJECTILE
BALLISTICALLY MATCHED TO PLUS OR MINUS 1 MIL
OF THE APDS-T AT A RANGE OF 2000 METERS O O
PROJECTILE SABOT AND NOSE CAP ARE BLUE WITH
WHITE MARKINGS. 3

9. M910 TPDS-T MUZZLE VELOCITY: 1,525 MPS (+/- 20 MPS)
TRACER BURNOUT: >1.8 SEC. / >2,000 M
MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE RANGE: 2000 METERS
MAXIMUM RANGE: METERS

10. M910 TPDS-T WINDSCREEN NYLON NOSE CAP CORE SUBPROJECTILE PROJECTILE
ASSEMBLY
BASE
TRACER
CASE CARTRIDGE
PROPELLANT
PRIMER

11. Enabling Learning Objective
Action: List the characteristics, capabilities and markings of the
M919 ammunition.
Conditions: Given a specific type of 25mm ammunition in a
classroom environment.
Standards:The student must list the characteristics, capabilities
and markings of M919 ammunition (correctly) IAW FM
Time/ Distance of flight 2. Tracer burn time/
range 3. Trajectory characteristics 4. Stabilization
factors 5. Max effective ranges 6. Factors affecting
max effective ranges 7. Factors affecting detonation
8. markings.

12. M919 APFSDS-T CHARACTERISTICS O O O O
ARMOR-PIERCING FIN-STABILIZED DISCARDING SABOT WITH TRACER
(APFSDS-T)
DEFEATS ALL KNOWN LIGHT ARMORED VEHICLES, SELF-
PROPELLED ARTILLERY, AND AERIAL TARGETS (HELICOPTERS
AND SLOW-MOVING FIXED-WING AIRCRAFT.) O O
DEPLETED-URANIUM PROJECTILE. O
PENETRATES SOLELY BY KINETIC ENERGY.
PROJECTILE SABOT AND NOSE-CAP ARE BLACK WITH WHITE
OBTURATOR. O 12

13. UPDATE: M919 MAX EFFECTIVE RANGE NO LONGER CLASSIFIED!!!!!!!!!!
APFSDS-T
APFSDS-T ROUND PROVIDES MAXIMUM PENETRATION
PERFORMANCE AGAINST
THE MOST UP-TO-DATE THREATS ON THE BATTLEFIELD TODAY.
UPDATE: M919 MAX EFFECTIVE RANGE NO LONGER CLASSIFIED!!!!!!!!!!

14. M919 APFSDS-T MUZZLE VELOCITY: 1,385 MPS (+/- 20 MPS)
TRACER BURN TIME: CLASSIFIED
TRCER BURN RANGE: METERS
MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE RANGE: 2500 METERS
MAXIMUM RANGE: 17,600 METERS

15. M919 APFSDS-T WINDSCREEN NOSE CAP DU PENETRATOR SABOT SEAL OBTUATOR
FIN STABALIZERS
TRACER
CASE CARTRIDGE
NITRAMINE
PROPELLANT
FLASH TUBE
MOD PRIMER

16. Enabling Learning Objective
Action: List the characteristics, capabilities and markings of the
M910A1 ammunition.
Conditions: Given a specific type of 25mm ammunition in a
classroom environment.
Standards:The student must list the characteristics, capabilities
and markings of M910A1 ammunition (correctly) IAW FM
Time/ Distance of flight 2. Tracer burn time/
range 3. Trajectory characteristics 4. Stabilization
factors 5. Max effective ranges 6. Factors affecting
max effective ranges 7. markings.

17. TARGET PRACTICE DISCARDING SABOT WITH TRACER (TPDS-T)
M910A1 TPDS-T
CHARACTERISTICS
TARGET PRACTICE DISCARDING SABOT WITH TRACER (TPDS-T) O
USED ON LIMITED DISTANCE RANGES. O
STEEL PROJECTILE.
BALLISTICALLY MATCHED TO PLUS OR MINUS 1 MIL
OF THE APFSDS-T TO A RANGE OF 2000 METERS. O O
PROJECTILE SABOT AND NOSE CAP ARE BLUE WITH
WHITE MARKINGS. 15

18. M910A1 MUZZLE VELOCITY: 1,550 MPS (+/- 20 MPS)
TRACER BURNOUT: >2.4 SEC. / >2,500 M
MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE RANGE: 2500 METERS
MAXIMUM RANGE: METERS

19. M910A1 APDS-T WINDSCREEN NYLON NOSE CAP CORE SUBPROJECTILE PROJECTILE
ASSEMBLY
BASE
TRACER
CASE CARTRIDGE
PROPELLANT
PRIMER

20. Enabling Learning Objective
Action: List the characteristics, capabilities and markings of the
M792 ammunition.
Conditions: Given a specific type of 25mm ammunition in a
classroom environment.
Standards:The student must list the characteristics, capabilities
and markings of M792 ammunition (correctly) IAW FM
Time/ Distance of flight 2. Tracer burn time/
range 3. Trajectory characteristics 4. Dispersion factors Arming distance 6. Stabilization factors 7. Max effective ranges
8. Factors affecting max effective ranges 9. Factors
affecting detonation 10. markings.

21. M792 HEI-T CHARACTERISTICS O O O O O
HIGH-EXPLOSIVE INCENDIARY WITH TRACER (HEI-T)
DESTROY UNARMORED VEHICLES AND HELICOPTERS AND
SUPPRESS RPG-TEAMS, CREW-SERVED WEAPONS,
DISMOUNTED INFANTRY. O
HOLLOW-STEEL BODY, M758 MECHANICAL FUZE, 32 GRAMS
OF AN HEI-MIX. O
THREE TYPES OF DETONATION: IMPACT, GRAZING IMPACT
AND SELF-DESTRUCT. O O
5-METER BURSTING RADIUS
PROJECTILE IS YELLOW TO ORANGE WITH A RED
BAND, BLACK MARKINGS AND A GOLD TIP O 5

22. M792 HEI-T MUZZLE VELOCITY: 1,100 MPS (+/- 20 MPS)
TRACER BURNOUT AND RANGE: >3.5 SEC. / >2,000 M
BURSTING RADIUS 5 METERS
ARMING DISTANCE METERS
MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE RANGE: POINT TARGET:
1,600 METERS
AREA TARGET:
3,000 METERS

23. M792 HEI-T WINDSCREEN M758 FUZE BODY AND ROTATING BAND ASSEMBLY
HE-I CHARGE
TRACER
CASE CARTRIDGE
PROPELLANT
PRIMER

24. M758 HEI-T FUZE 7

25. THREE MEANS OF DETONATING
FUZE-M758
THREE MEANS OF DETONATING
1. DIRECT IMPACT; DIRECT IMPACT WITH THE TARGET CAUSES SUPER QUICK
FUNCTION OF THE FUZE DUE TO THE CRUSHING ACTION OF THE NOSE PROBE.
2. GRAZE IMPACT; FUNCTION AT LOW ANGLES CAN OCCUR IN TWO WAYS. ON
SOFT TARGETS WHERE THE PROJECTILE TENDS TO ENTER THE TARGET, THE
NOSE PROBE IS CRUSHED , DRIVING THE PISTON FIRING PIN INTO THE
DETONATOR. ON LOW ANGLE IMPACTS ON HARD TARGETS, DECELERATION
OF THE PROJECTILE AND SPIN DECAY OCCURS.
3. SELF-DESTRUCT 3,000 METERS; IF NO CONTACT IS MADE WITH A TARGET,
THE FUZE WILL CAUSE THE PROJECTILE TO FUNCTION BY SELF-DESTRUCT
ACTION AFTER A PREDETERMINED FLIGHT TIME. THE PROJECTILE IS
DETONATED WHILE STILL IN FLIGHT. 8

26. M758 OPERATIONAL SEQUENCE9

27. Enabling Learning Objective
Action: List the characteristics, capabilities and markings of the
M793 ammunition.
Conditions: Given a specific type of 25mm ammunition in a
classroom environment.
Standards:The student must list the characteristics, capabilities
and markings of M793 ammunition (correctly) IAW FM
Time/ Distance of flight 2. Tracer burn time/
range 3. Trajectory characteristics 4. Dispersion factors
5. Stabilization factors 6. Max effective ranges 7. Factors
effecting max effective ranges 8. markings.

28. M793 TP-T CHARACTERISTICS O O O O TARGET PRACTICE WITH TRACER (TP-T)
USED ON LIMITED DISTANCE RANGES O
HOLLOW STEEL PROJECTILE. O
BALLISTICALLY MATCHED TO THE HEI-T ROUND
PROJECTILE’S HOLLOW STEEL BODY IS BLUE WITH
WHITE MARKINGS. O 10

29. M793 TP-T MUZZLE VELOCITY: 1,100 MPS (+/- 20 MPS)
TRACER BURNOUT AND RANGE: >3.5 SEC. /> 2,000 M
MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE RANGE: 1,600 METERS POINT
3,000 METERS AREA
MAXIMUM RANGE: 8,000 METERS

30. M793 TP-T ALUMINUM WINDSCREEN CORE SUBPROJECTILE TRACER CASE CARTRIDGE
PROPELLANT
PRIMER

31. Enabling Learning Objective
Action: List the characteristics of TOW missiles
Conditions: Given a specific model of TOW and FM in a classroom environment
Standards: Student must List the following characteristics IAW FM : 1. Time of flight 2. Type of sight 3. Arming distance Max effective range 5. Extensible probes and warheads

32. THERE ARE SIX SERVICE MISSILES: BGM - 71A-1 / BASIC EXTENDED TOW
TUBED-LAUNCHED, OPTICALLY TRACKED, WIRE-GUIDED MISSILE SYSTEM
THE TOW IS A COMMAND - GUIDED SURFACE ATTACK WEAPON THAT CAN DESTROY
OR CRIPPLE ALL KNOWN THREAT ARMOR, OUT TO 3,750 METERS. IT CAN BE USED
AGAINST FORTIFIED BATTLEFIELD BUNKERS, GUN EMPLACEMENTS AND OTHER
SIMILAR POSITIONS.
THERE ARE SIX SERVICE MISSILES:
BGM - 71A / BASIC TOW
BGM - 71A-1 / BASIC EXTENDED TOW
BGM - 71C / IMPROVED TOW
BGM - 71D / TOW II
BGM - 71E / TOW IIA
BGM - 71F / TOW IIB

33. TOW MISSILE CHARACTERISTICS
TUBED-LAUNCHED, OPTICALLY TRACKED, WIRE-GUIDED MISSILE SYSTEM
DEFEATS TANKS, OTHER ARMORED VEHICLES, HELICOPTERS,
FORTIFIED BUNKERS, AND GUN EMPLACEMENTS
DESTROYS ARMORED VEHICLES FROM 65 METERS OUT TO
3750 METERS.
MUZZLE CLEARANCE, 18 INCHES OF CLEARANCE AT THE END
OF THE LAUNCHER, 30 INCHES OF CLEARANCE BETWEEN THE
LINE OF SIGHT AND ANY OBSTRUCTION FROM 500 TO 900
METERS DOWNRANGE. 17

34. Enabling Learning Objective,
Enabling Learning Objective
Action: List the capabilities of each type of TOW missile
Conditions: Given a specific round of TOW, and a FM in a classroom environment
Standards: : The student must List the following IAW FM : 1. Penetration at max range
2. Flight over water

36. 5”HE SHAPE CHARGE, 3000m / 5” w\ EXTENSIBLE PROBE
BASIC & IMPROVED TOW
5”HE SHAPE CHARGE, 3000m / 5” w\ EXTENSIBLE PROBE
(BGM-71A/A1 AND BGM-71C) 18

37. TOW

38. TOW 2 AND TOW 2A MISSILE (BGM-71D AND BGM-71E)
6” FULL CALIBER W/ EXTENS. PROBE / PRECURSOR CHARGE
(BGM-71D AND BGM-71E)
THERMAL BEACON USED W/ ELECTRO OPTICAL INFRARED N.S.
IMPROVES PERFORMANCE WHEN FIRING THROUGH SMOKE 19

39. TOW 2B MISSILE
(BGM71F)
2- 5” WARHEADS FORM 2 HIGH-DENSITY TANTALUM PENETRATORS
2.25 METERS ABOVE THE GUNNERS LINE OF SIGHT 20

40. LIMITATIONS AND BACKBLAST PRECAUTIONS
TOW MISSILE
LIMITATIONS AND BACKBLAST PRECAUTIONS
1. FIRING OVER WATER
2. FIRING OVER ELECTRICAL WIRES.
3. FIRING IN WINDY CONDITIONS
4. FIRING THROUGH SMOKE AND AREA FIRES.
BACKBLAST PRECAUTIONS: 90-DEGREE CONE 50-METER
DANGER ZONE AND A 25 METER CAUTION ZONE. 21

41. TOW ABORT 2. SELECT ANOTHER AMMO 3. REACHES MAXIMUM RANGE
1. TOW ABORT SWITCH
2. SELECT ANOTHER AMMO
3. REACHES MAXIMUM RANGE
4. RESET WEAPONS CONTROL BOX TO RESET SAFE
5. GO FROM HIGH TO LOW MAGNIFICATION
6. INTENTIONAL GROUNDING

42. Enabling Learning Objective
Action: Identify the markings of TOW missiles
Conditions: Given a specific model of TOW, and FM in a classroom environment
Standards: The student must identify the markings of Tow missiles IAW FM :
1. Color and meanings of color,
2. Location of data

43. MISSILE CASE NOTE: TRAINING ROUNDS HAVE BLUE BANDS WITH BLACK LETTERS
IDENTIFICATION
DECAL
IDENTIFICATION
TAPE MODEL NUMBER
MISSILE TYPE
(STENCIL) ONE INCH
BLACK LETTER
MODEL NUMBER
(STENCIL) BLACK
LETTER
TWO INCH YELLOW BAND
WITH BLACK LETTER
TWO INCH BROWN BAND
(LIVE ROUND)
NOTE: TRAINING ROUNDS HAVE BLUE BANDS WITH BLACK LETTERS
YELLOW IS ALWAYS IN FRONT BLUE OR BROWN IN THE REAR. 22

44. AMMUNITION CAPABILITIES