1. 06 Fairness and Distributive Justice Figures and tables

2. Interpretations of moral equality 2

3. Simple model of pin factory

4. Diminishing marginal utility 4

5. Diminishing marginal utility graph 5

6. Utilitarianism and equality of resources Suppose there are only 4 candies to distribute between Ann and Bob. Total Utility (TU) is maximized by an equal distribution. 6

7. The problem of unfair preferences Bob is jealous of Ann. Bob’s utility is reduced by 2 utiles for every 1 utile of enjoyment that Ann receives from her candy. Utility is now maximized by an unequal distribution. 7

8. Marginal contribution in a firm 8 1 st employee hired gets $900 - $400 = $500, 2 nd gets $800 - $400 = $400, etc. Pay for same work depends on order of hiring. Arbitrary from a moral point of view. Unequal pay for equal work. Unacceptable to employees.

9. Leveling down Equality of Welfare says that the top distribution is somehow better than the bottom distribution. This seems wrong since it makes everyone worse off.

10. Conceptual map 10

11. Which of the following distributions best fits the description of: 1. Strict equality of resources 2. Economic utilitarianism 3. The difference principle 11