1. I. Basics Electrophysiology is the study of cell electrical activity resulting from ion channel function.

2. Electrolyte composition of the cell

3. Fundamental laws  Nernst's equation: E r = RT/F ln [C o /C i ]  Driving force = E m - E r  Ohm's law: V = R x I

4. A simplified view of cell-cell communication  Ligand-gated channels code for input  Voltage-gated channels code for output

5. Baseline

6.  Na leak

7. GABA A IPSPs

8. GABA B IPSP

9. Baseline

10. Subthreshold AMPA EPSP

11. Threshold AMPA EPSP

12. NMDA EPSP

13. NMDA + GABA A PSPs

14. II. Methods

15. Selective antagonism of GABA responses in the cuneate nucleus of the anesthetized rat

16. Configurations of the patch-clamp technique

18. Patch-clamp dates

19. The voltage-clamp technique

20. III. From channels to behavior The thalamocortical augmented response (AR)

21. Circuits involved in the AR

22. Cellular mechanism of the AR

23. Behavioral component of the AR