1. A Deception Framework for Survivability Against Next Generation Cyber Attacks Ruchika Mehresh and Shambhu Upadhyaya Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 1

2. Organization Motivation Problem Statement Introduction Framework Work in progress Conclusion 2

3. Motivation 3 The Asymmetric warfare Kind of sophisticated attacks happening lately:  Botnets, command and control  Operation Aurora  Stuxnet

4. Problem Statement How to enable critical systems to survive the next-generation of sophisticated attacks 4 Deception

5. Introduction Survivability is the ability of a system to perform its mission (essential operations) in presence of attacks, faults or accidents Focus on how to survive an attack – Does not focus on source or type of attack 5

6. Introduction Survivability involves four phases: – Prevention against faults/attacks – Detection of faults/attacks – Recovery from faults/attacks – Adaptation/Evolution to avoid future attacks Timeliness property 6

7. Introduction 7  Next-generation attack assessment  Formal requirements  Deception as a tool of defense  Proposed framework

8. Solution 8 Underlying pattern in sophisticated attacks [6] Features: 1.Multi-shot 2.Stealth 3.Contingency plan Underlying pattern in sophisticated attacks [6] Features: 1.Multi-shot 2.Stealth 3.Contingency plan

9. Formal system requirements 9  Recognizing the smart adversary  Prevention  Surreptitious detection  Effective recovery with adaptation  Zero-day attacks

10. Formal system requirements 10  Conserving timeliness property  Non-verifiable deception

11. Deception as tool of defense Preventive deception – Hiding, Distraction, Dissuasion Detection – Honeypot farm Recovery – Concealing the detection till an effective patch has been worked out 11

12. Framework 12

13. Work in progress Design issues Controlling the feedback loop Smart-box design – Assess the nature of the traffic flow – Map AIOS to a honeypot 13

14. Conclusion Deception based survivability solution against sophisticated attacks Dealing with zero-day attacks while conserving timeliness property Stronger recovery with surreptitious detection 14

15. References 1.E. Nakashima and J. Pomfret. China proves to be an aggressive foe in cyberspace, November 2009. 2.M. Ramilli and M. Bishop. Multi-stage delivery of malware. 5th International Conference on Malicious and Unwanted Software (MALWARE), 2010. 3.E. J. Kartaltepe, J. A. Morales, S. Xu, and R. Sandhu. Social network based botnet command-and-control: emerging threats and countermeasures. Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Applied cryptography and network security (ACNS), pages 511–528, 2010. 4.M. Labs and M. F. P. Services. Protecting your critical assets, lessons learned from operation aurora. Technical report, 2010. 5.M. J. Gross. A declaration of cyber-war, April 2011. 6.K. A. Repik. Defeating adversary network intelligence efforts with active cyber defense techniques. Master’s thesis, Graduate School of Engineering and Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, 2008. 7.A. D. Lakhani. Deception techniques using honeypots. Master’s thesis, MSc Thesis, ISG, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2003. 15

16. Thank You For questions and comments, email: – Ruchika Mehresh (rmehresh@buffalo.edu)rmehresh@buffalo.edu – Shambhu Upadhyaya (shambhu@buffalo.edu)shambhu@buffalo.edu 16