1. Ch. 5 Part Two: Respiration

2. Cellular Respiration Respiration Transfers the energy in organic compounds (glucose) to make ATP C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 ----- 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + ATP Occurs in mitochondria Occurs in prokaryotic cell membranes What organisms undergo cellular organisms?

3. Cellular Respiration 2 Types of Respiration Aerobic Respiration: Requires oxygen to transfer the energy in glucose to ATP Anaerobic Respiration: Does not require oxygen to transfer the energy in glucose to ATP

4. Two Stages of Cellular Respiration Cellular Respirati on STAGE ONE- Breakdown Glucose – primary fuel for respiration Breakdown of Glucose is called Glycolysis Carbohydrates (starches, sucrose) are broken down for energy (fats too) Glycolysis makes pyruvate and uses two ATP molecules, but makes four ATP molecules

5. Cellular Respiration STAGE TWO- ATP production A. Pyruvate enters mitochondria B. Goes through a series of chemical reactions called the Kreb’s Cycle Creates MORE ATP – 32 – 34 Molecules of ATP

6. Cellular Respiration Stage 1 & Stage 2 Cellular Respiration Used (Reactants) Produced (Products) Stage OneGlucosePyruvate, ATP, NADH Stage TwoPyruvate, ATP, NADH More ATP

9. Anaerobic Respiration Fermentati on Know any foods or drinks made through this? Fermentati on Know any foods or drinks made through this? When oxygen is present more ATP is produced then when it is not When oxygen is absent small amounts of ATP are produced in a process called fermentation

10. Cellular Respiration Lactic Acid Fermentati on Lactic Acid Fermentation: A. By some prokaryotes and fungi used to produce foods like yogurt & cheese Lactate can build up in muscles if it isn’t removed quick enough = sore muscles

11. Cellular Respiration Alcoholic Fermentati on Pyruvate broken down to ethanol (alcohol) Carried out by yeast to make wine and beer Causes yeast to release CO 2 to make bread rise, carbonate alcohol

12. Which is Better? Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Respiration Suppose you’re an organism that can carry out either aerobic respiration or anaerobic energy pathways. Which one would be more beneficial to you and why?