1. Energy: Conservation and Transfer

2. Matter Anything that takes up space and has mass

3. Mass The amount of matter in an object The gram is the metric unit for mass

4. Physical Properties of Matter Observable characteristics that can change without changing their chemical composition. Like the Commutative property in math. Example: Shredded paper, cut up fruit, lava

6. States of Matter Condensation Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

7. Melting Point – The temperature at which solid matter turns to liquid.

8. Boiling Point – The temperature at which liquid matter experiences the same pressure as the atmospheric pressure. Freezing Point – The temperature at which liquid matter turns to solid.

9. Chemical Property A change in matter that produces new substances. Examples: Ability to burn Wood to ash Ability to rust/ react with oxygen Metal to rust Ability to form a new substance with chemical composition different than the original substance. Digestion of food

10. Conduction Conduction is the transfer of heat from one molecule to another through a substance. Metals are considered good conductors since they can speedily transfer heat. Stone is also a moderately good conductor, but wood, paper, air, and cloth are poor heat conductors.

11. Convection Transfer of heat from one place to another by the movement of fluids or gases.

12. Radiation The energy radiated by solids, liquids, and gases in the form of electromagnetic waves as a result of their temperature.

14. Transfer to convey or remove from one object, place, person, etc., to another.

15. Electromagnetic Waves Electromagnetic waves are formed when an electric field (shown as blue arrows) couples with a magnetic field (shown as red arrows). When you listen to the radio, watch TV, or cook dinner in a microwave oven, you are using electromagnetic waves.

16. Thermal Energy Thermal energy is the energy of a substance due to the movement of its atoms or molecules. More the molecules are moving about, the higher the temperature.

17. Convection Cell Moving body of fluid due to the rise of heat and fall (gravity) of cool gases until the heat is no longer heated. (Ex. Current/cycle) Convection cells are responsible for making macaroni rise and sink in a pot of boiling water. One of the forces that contributes to lava erupting from a volcano is convection.