1. Psychology in Action (8e) by Karen Huffman
Chapter 10: Life Span Development II
Presented by:
Mani Rafiee

2. Lecture Overview Moral Development Personality Development
Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood
Grief and Death

3. Moral Development
Kohlberg developed a model of moral development based on responses to moral dilemmas.

4. Moral Development— Kohlberg’s Levels and Stages
PRECONVENTIONAL LEVEL
Stage 1: punishment-obedience orientation
Stage 2: instrumental-exchange orientation
CONVENTIONAL LEVEL
Stage 3: good child orientation
Stage 4: law-and-order orientation
POSTCONVENTIONAL LEVEL
Stage 5: social-contract orientation
Stage 6: universal ethics orientation

6. Personality Development
Thomas & Chess’s Temperament Theory
Temperament: Basic, inborn disposition.
Three temperament styles: easy, difficult and slow-to-warm-up.
Styles seem consistent and enduring.

7. Personality Development: Erikson’s Eight Psychosocial Stages
Trust vs. mistrust (0-1 year)
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt (1-3 years)
Initiative vs. guilt (3-6 years)
Industry vs. inferiority (6-12 years)
Identity vs. role confusion (adolescence)
Intimacy vs. isolation (young adulthood)
Generativity vs. stagnation (middle adulthood)
Ego integrity vs. despair (late adulthood)

9. Personality Development— Myths of Development
Myth #1- Adolescence is a time of great storm and stress.
Myth #2- Most people experience a midlife crisis in their middle years.
Myth #3- Most parents experience a painful empty-nest syndrome when children leave home.

10. Personality Development— Myth of the Empty Nest Syndrome

11. Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood: Marriage
Research shows good marriages:
Establish “love maps.”
Share power and provide mutual support.
Practice conflict management.
Share similar values, beliefs, interests, etc.
Create a supportive social environment.
Maintain a positive emphasis.

12. Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood: Families
Important family factors
in development:
Violence
Teen
pregnancy
Divorce

13. Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood-Work and Retirement
Work: How can we find a career that best matches our personality and interests?

14. Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood-Work and Retirement
Retirement: Should we follow the activity, disengagement, or socio-emotional selectivity theory?

15. Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood—The Socioemotional Selectivity Theory

16. Grief and Death Grief is a natural reaction to loss.
Four Major Stages of Grief:
Numbness
Yearning
Disorganization/Despair
Resolution

17. Grief and Death
Cultures interpret and respond to death differently.

18. Grief and Death (Continued)
Kübler-Ross developed a five stage theory of the psychological processes surrounding death:
Denial (“It can’t be true!”)
Anger (“Why me? It’s not fair!”)
Bargaining (“I’ll change everything!”)
Depression (“I’ve lost everything.”)
Acceptance (“I know my time is near.”)

19. Psychology in Action (8e) by Karen Huffman
End of Chapter 10:
Life Span Development II
Presented by:
Mani Rafiee