2. The Cold War: Super Powers Face Off How does the Cold War begin?

3. Cold War Begins: Eastern Europe 1945: Despite promising free elections, Stalin installs communist govts in “satellite states” throughout Eastern Europe The satellite states are known as the Eastern Bloc, and are all under the Soviet Sphere of Influence Countries include: 1. Poland 2. Czechoslovakia 3. Hungary 4. Romania 5. Bulgaria 7. Yugoslavia (until ’48) 6. Albania (until 1960) 8. E. Germany (1949)

4. 1946: Truman tells Stalin he has violated the Yalta Agreement In a speech Stalin states “Communism & Capitalism cannot coexist” At a Missouri speech, Churchill describes an “Iron Curtain” that divides Europe US Diplomat George Kennan writes an article stating how the US must “contain” the spread of Communism President Truman adopts the “containment” foreign policy Truman Doctrine= US will support those who reject Communism, starts in Greece & Turkey Marshall Plan = US will give money to non- communist or non E. Bloc countries = Even though Yugoslavia is Communist, by 1948 their leader Josip Tito splits with Stalin & are no longer in Eastern Bloc US Containment Policy

5. The Marshall Plan (Page 534) 1.What three countries get the most aid from the Marshall Plan? 2.Which “Communist” country gets money? 3.Will the Marshall plan make the Cold War worse? Why/ why not? Use the political cartoon to help decide.

6. US Cold War Foreign Policy Cartoon Communism 1.Identify objects & actions in the cartoon. 2.Identify symbols in the cartoon. 3.What point is the cartoonist making about US Cold War policy?

7. The United Nations (UN) United Nations formed in June 1945 to replace League of Nations First body of UN: General Assembly, deals with world issues, all member nations get a vote Second body of UN: Security Council, has power to use armed forces if needed, 11members vote (5 permanent, 6 rotate) Permanent members have veto power (US, Britain, Soviet Union, France, Rep of China) US donates land in NYC for UN