1. Rayat Shikshan Sanstha’s Maharaja Sayajirao Vidyalaya ,Satara

2. A Presentation By
Ms. Priya Vishwas waghambare.
MSc.B.Ed.(Chemistry)

3. HYDROCARBONS

4. Hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbons are the compounds contains carbon and hydrogen elements only.

5. Hydrocarbons Open chain Hydrocarbon Closed chain Hydrocarbon
Classification of Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons
Open chain Hydrocarbon
Closed chain Hydrocarbon
Unsaturated
Hydrocarbon
Saturated
Hydrocarbon
Alkane
Alkene
Alkyne

6. Open chain or Aliphatic Hydrocarbon
These compounds contain open chain of carbon atoms in their molecules. Carbon can form straight chain or branched chain compounds.

7. Saturated Hydrocarbon
A hydrocarbon in which the carbon atoms are linked to each other by single bond is called saturated hydrocarbon.
They are also called alkanes or paraffins.
General Formula- CnH2n+2
Where n is the number of carbon atoms.
Example-
n= CH4
n= C2H6

8. Unsaturated Hydrocarbon
The hydrocarbon in which valencies of carbon are not fully satisfied by single covalent bonds is called unsaturated hydrocarbon.
Unsaturated hydrocarbons are further classified as –
1) Alkene
2) Alkyne

9. Alkene General Formula-CnH2n Where n= number of carbon atoms Examples-
Hydrocarbon in which two carbon atoms are linked by double bond ( C=C ) are called alkenes.
General Formula-CnH2n
Where n= number of carbon atoms
Examples-
n= ethene
n= propene

10. Alkyne General Formula- CnH2n-2 Examples- n=2 ethyne n=3 propyne
Hydrocarbons in which two carbon atoms are linked by triple bond ( C=C) are called alkynes.
General Formula- CnH2n-2
Examples-
n= ethyne
n= propyne

11. Closed chain or cyclic or Ring compounds
In these compounds carbon atoms are linked to each other in a ring form & have a closed chain or cyclic or ring structure.
Example-Cyclo propane
CH OR
CH CH2

12. Aromatic Hydrocarbon Example- C6H6 Benzene
In aromatic hydrocarbon atoms are present in cyclic form with at least six carbon atoms in their structure. Carbon atoms in cyclic form are linked with each other by alternated single & double bonds.
Example-
C6H6 Benzene

13. EXERCISE Fill in the blanks Molecular formula of methane is………………..
General formula of alkane is…………………
.……………is the molecular formula of benzene.
4) ……………..is a aromatic hydrocarbon.

14. Thank You