1. Chapter 2: PowerPoint #3 Brain Imaging Techniques
CT Scan: Computerized Topograph Scan
MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
fMRI: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PET Scan: Positron Emission Tomograph Scan
EEG: Electroencephalogram

2. CT Scans: An x-ray of the brain.
A CT scan is essentially a computerized assembly of several x-ray images taken from a series of different angles. With a CT, the resolution is much better than conventional x-rays, and the detail that can be seen is much greater. 

3. Tumor in Wernicke’s Area
        MRI is a noninvasive imaging technique that does not use x-rays.   The process involves passing a strong magnetic field through the head.  The magnetic field used is 30,000 + times that of the earth's magnetic field.  It's effect on the body, however, is harmless and temporary.  The MRI scanner can detect radiation from certain molecules, which are present in different concentrations in different tissues. 

4. P E T S C A N
PET measures the emission of positrons from the brain after a small amount of radioactive isotopes, or tracers,  have been injected into the blood stream.  A common example is a glucose-relative with embedded fluor-18.   With this molecule, the activity of different regions of the brain can be measured.  The result is a three-dimentional map with the brain activity represented by colors. 

5. After Implant of Dopamine-secreting Tissue
Normal Brain ADHD Brain
After Implant of Dopamine-secreting Tissue
Brain Development in First Year of Life

6. EEG of Mouse with
Epileptic Seizure
EEG Cap
Alert
Deep Sleep

7. The Evolution of the Brain

9. THALAMUS
It relays to the cerebral cortex information received from diverse brain regions. Sort of a requisite 'last pit stop' for information going to cortex.
Axons from every sensory system (except olfaction) synapse here as the last relay site before the information reaches the cerebral cortex

10. CEREBELLUM
Alcoholims causes brain shrinkage to the cerebellum

12. Emotion and Memory are closely connected.
Amygdala
A little almond shaped structure, connects with the hippocampus.
Hippocampus
Is particularly involved with memory phenomena, specially with the formation of long-term memory (the one that, sometimes, lasts forever).

13. The pituitary gland may be king, but the power behind the throne is clearly the hypothalamus.

14. Lobes of the Cerebral Cortex

15. Motor
Area
Sensory
Area

16. Speaking the Heard Word
LANGUAGE CENTERS
Disrupts Understanding
Disrupts Speaking
Speaking the Heard Word
Speaking the Written Word
Angular Gyrus
Speak & Understand, Unable to Read