1. Effect Assessment of Air Quality Ensuring Measures during Beijing Olympic Games from Satellite Observation Pucai Wang, Huan Yu, Zhaonan Cai, Xuemei Zong, Xiang’ao Xia, Yi Liu[1] Michel Roozendael[2] 1,Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 2,Belgium Institute of Spatial Aeronomy AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

2. Contents 2.1 Satellite monitoring and emission reduction effect of NO2 2.2 Satellite monitoring and emission reduction effect of SO2 2.3 Satellite monitoring and emission reduction effect of AOD 2.7 CO change in Beijing AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

3. Outline of the Project led by Beijing EPB Monitoring, Forecast, and Assessment of AQ Ground-based Network Measurements Satellite Monitoring （ NO2 ， SO2 ， AOD ） and Effect Assessment Numerical Simulation Emission Inventories …… AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

4. 1 Goals of our Sub-project During the extended period of Beijing Olympic Games and Paralymic Games  to provide the spatial distribution of NO2, SO2, and AOD;  to support the forecast of Air Quality, and  to assess the effect of the air quality ensuring measures. AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

5. Our main concerns were to provide the image of the tropospheric NO2 column density, and obtained the results of the emission reduction assessment 。 AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24 （ 2.1 ） Satellite Monitoring of NO2 and Emission Reduction Assessment in Beijing

6. Phases of the Air Quality Ensuring Measures for the Olympic Games 07-01 08-01 09-0109-20 09-0608-0807-2009-1708-24 End 50% vehicles restricted High emission vehicles and heavy trucks restricted company cars restricted by 50% ， increasing to 70% on July 1st 06-23 Shutdown or limited Production for many enterprises, prohibit biomass burning, etc. Olympic Games Paralymic Games AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

7.  According to the phases of the AQ ensuring measures, the reduction of NO2 are ： in Phase of high emission vehicles starting restriction （ 37.9% ）， in Phase of Even/Odd restriction （ 46.2% ）， of Olympic Games （ 49.4% ）， Period of Paralymic Game （ 38% ）。 The mean value of 2005 ～ 2007 for the same period Mean Values of NO2 VCD during Beijing Olympic Games AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

8.  Daily variation during the period of June to September of 2008. （ P1 ～ P4 denotes 4 phases ， P1 ， P2 are phases of vehicles restriction ， P3 ， P4 represent Olympic Games and Parametric Games ）

9. data  OMI data  MaxDOAS measurements on the roof of IAP building, 1km to the national stadium AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

10. In order to assess the effect of the AQ ensuring measures, NO2 during the the extended period of the Beijing Olympic Games and of the 20005-2007 were analyzed. Three methods were used for the effect assessment ： （ 1 ） Compared with 2005-2007 ， find the change in 2008 ； （ 2 ） Compared with neighbor metroplitan Tianjin and Tangshan, find the difference ； （ 3 ） Compared with the ground-based MaxDOAS measurement, find the change between the prior period and inside period of the AQ ensuring measures. AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

11.  Fig 14 The seasonal variation of tropospheric NO2 VCD of 2008 in Beijing, Tianjin, and Tanshan  Fig 15 The seasonal variation of tropospheric NO2 VCD from 2005 to 2007 in Beijing, Tianjin, and Tangshan AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

12. with the phases of the measures, the assessment results are  Phase of starting the restriction of high emission vehicles （ 7.1 — 7.19 ）， Trop NO2 VCD down 37.9% ；  Phase of Even/Odd numbers （ 7.20 — 8.24 ）， down 46.2% ；  Olympic Games （ 8.8 — 8.24 ）， down 49.4% ；  Paralymic Games （ 9.6 — 9.17 ）， down 38.0% 。 AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24 （ 2.1 ） Reduction Assessment of NO2

13. 2.2 Satellite monitoring and emission reduction assessment of SO2  Fig 2. The mean SO2 VCDs during the Olympic Games (left) and 2005 ～ 2007(right) 。 AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24 2008 2007-2009

14. 2.2 Emission reduction of SO2  The same methods for NO2 were used for SO2 emission reduction assessment.  58% reduction found in Beijing for trop. SO2 VCD, and 40% in Tianjin and 48% in Tangshan, during the extended period of the Olympic Games(July 1-Sep 20). AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

15. 2.3 Satellite Monitoring and emission reduction of AOD  The AODs derived from MODIS data are provided.  18% reduction in AOD was found AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

16.  Fig 10. The mean AOD in Northern China during the period of the Olympic Games(August, September) for 2005 to 2008,respectively. 2005 2006 20072008 AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

17.  It is shown that the mean AOD of 2008 over Beijing is remarkably less than those of the other years. 18% reduction was found. AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

18.  Fig 12. The satellite derived AODS in Beijing, Xianghe and Xinglong, validated by cimel sunphotometers’ measurements AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

19. Xianghe Platform for Aerosol- Cloud-Radiation measurements （ September 2004 to Present ）

20.  Fig 13, the seasonal variation of the tropospheric NO2 VCD for Beijing, from 2005 to 2008. AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

21.  Fig 14 The seasonal variation of tropospheric NO2 VCD of 2008 in Beijing, Tianjin, and Tanshan  Fig 15 The seasonal variation of tropospheric NO2 VCD from 2005 to 2007 in Beijing, Tianjin, and Tangshan AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

22. 2.7 CO seasonal variation in Beijing  The change of CO column amount from MOPITT data. AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

23.  The monthly variation of CO column amount of 2008 over nothern China region

24.  Fig 4 Comparison of CO in 2008 with 2005-2007  It is shown that the CO column amount is similar to the historical values before the ensuring measures, while it decreases remarkably during the AQ ensuring measures and the following month (August – October). This decreasing trends still maintains until one month later when the AQ ensuring measures ended.

25.  Fig 5. The MaxDOAS measurements for NO2 during the extended period of Beijing Olympic Games, collaborated with Belgium team  Site: on the roof of IAP main building

26. MAXDOAS

27. 4 Conclusions  Provided the satellite data and analysis report of NO2, SO2 and AOD;  Provided the effect assessment of air quality ensuring measures during the extended periods of the Olympic Games  Published a paper in Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese + English) AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24

28. Thanks ！