1. REVIEW

2. Scale A ratio between actual distance on the ground and length on the map 1/10,000 = 1 inch on the map/10,000 inches on the earth Small-scale=less detail, regions, continents 1 inch/150 miles Large-scale=more detail, cities 1 inch/5miles

3. Maps Mercator Projection –1569, used for navigation to plot straight lines based on compass directions

4. Maps Robinson Projection –Shows better shape, but lacks directional utility

5. Maps Goode’s interrupted projection –Minimizes specific distortions, but distance and direction distorted

6. Maps Cylindrical Planar Conic

7. Maps Contour Lines – Isolines connect points of equal or constant value (temperature, elevation, culture regions)

8. Regions

17. Stats – Basic Geography Largest land area Smallest land area Largest Population Smallest Population Highest Density Lowest Density Vatican City, Monaco China; 1.3 billion Vatican City; 920 Monaco Mongolia Russia

18. Stats - Population Highest Birth Rate Lowest Birth Rate Highest Death Rate Lowest Death Rate Highest NIR Lowest NIR Niger; 51.45/ 1000 Latvia; 7.8/ 1000 Ukraine; -0.7% Botswana; 33.6/ 1000 Kuwait; 2.4/ 1000 Mali; 3.3%

19. Stats - Population Highest Infant Mortality Lowest Infant Mortality Life Expectancy –Highest male/female –Lowest male/female Sierra Leone, 158/ 1000 Afghanistan, 163/ 1000 Iceland, 1.3 /1000 Sweden, 2.5/100 Swaziland; 33, 34 Switzerland; 79, 84

20. Urban Highest % Urban Lowest % Urban Development Highest Literacy –Male/Female Lowest Literacy –Male/Female Kuwait, 100% Singapore, 100% Core; 100% Burundi, 10% Burkina Faso; 31%, 13%