2. 1. _______- a naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid with a definite chemical composition mineral

3. A. “Naturally occurring”- made by ______- not man-made nature B. “Inorganic”- is not nor has it ever been ________ alive

4. C. “Crystalline”- minerals are lined up in ________ patterns repeating D. “SOLID”

5. E. “Definite chemical composition”- certain elements in definite proportions

6. 2. ________- a solid plane in which the atoms are arranged in orderly, repeating patterns A. cubic B. tetragonal C. hexagonal D. orthorhombic E. triclinic F. monoclinic crystal

7. CUBIC HALITE TETRAGONAL WULFENITE HEXAGONAL BERYL ORTHORHOMBIC TANZANITE MONOCLINIC GYPSUM TRICLINIC MONTEBRASITE

8. 3. Physical properties A. _____- the mineral’s general color B. _______- the color of the powdered mineral C. _______- the way light is reflected from a mineral’s surface D. ________-how tightly packed together the molecules of a mineral are; E. ________- a mineral’s resistance to being scratched F. ________- breaks on smooth surfaces; ________- the irregular breakage of a mineral hardness cleavage fracture streak density color luster

9. G. Other- _____ (salt), _____ (sulfur), ___________ (iron), and _____ (jade) taste smell magnetism sound

10. 4. _____- rare and highly prized mineralsgems

12. 5. ______- minerals that can be mined at a profit ores

13. 6. ______and _______- two most abundant elements in the Earth’s crust siliconoxygen

15. 7. rock- mixture of ________, ______________, _____________, and ________________ 8. Rock cycle- rocks are formed by __________, _______, ____, ________, _______, _______, __________ and ___________ minerals volcanic glass organic matter other materials weatheringerosionheat pressuremeltingcooling compactioncementation

16. 9. Major Rock types A. IGNEOUS B. SEDIMENTARY C. METAMORPHIC

17. 10. _____________- rocks made from molten materials  ______- underground melted materials  ____- above the ground melted materials Igneous rocks magma lava

18. A.Intrusive- formed _____ Earth’s surface and eventually uplifted and uncovered by __________ and _______; magma cools ______; _____ crystals B. Extrusive- formed when lava cools ___________ Earth’s surface; cools ____; _____ crystals under weathering erosion slowly large at or above fastsmall

19. 11. sedimentary- 75% of all rocks on the _______; the only rocks that _________ on the Earth’s surface surface originate

20. A.Methods of formation: 1) __________ (breaking down) and _______ (the moving around) of rock particles 2) __________- pressure that squeezes out the air and water 3) ___________- water that is dissolved with minerals “glues particles together and then they hardens weathering erosion compaction cementation

21. B. Classification: 1) ________- broken pieces of other rocks and shells are cemented together; shale,sandstone, conglomerate 2)________- minerals are withdrawn from a solution or left behind after evaporation; halite and some limestone clastic chemical

22. 3) _______- rock formed from once living materials  _____- formed from shells of coquina ___- formed from dead plants that have been buried and pressurized organic chalk coal

23. 11. Metamorphic rock- rocks that have changed due to ____ and ________ A. ________- contains parallel bands of minerals B. ____________- no banding; massive in form; mineral grains grow and rearrange heat pressure foliated non-foliated