1. Clouds, Clouds, and More Clouds Paul Adams Professor of Physics and Anschutz Professor of Education Fort Hays State University Hays, KS 67601 padams@fhsu.edu

2. What do we KNOW about clouds? Brainstorm in a group of 3 to 5….

3. WHAT questions do we have about clouds?

4. Look again at the Atmosphere Layers

5. What does it take to make a cloud?

6. A Classic Demonstration with a Twist or a Squeeze! Cloud in a Bottle – from AIM From S’COOL (http://scool.larc.nasa.gov; NB- 2005-05-0002-LaRC)http://scool.larc.nasa.gov –Take a cold bottle outside on a warm day and notice that water drops form on it. This is called CONDENSTATION. Clouds from the same way –Invisible water molecules ride warm air currents and cool as they come in contact with colder air high in the sky. The chilled molecules condense onto tiny particles in the air to form water drops. –Billions of chilled water drops become visible CLOUDS you can seex!

8. http://aim.hamptonu.edu/library/gallery/gal-sci.html

14. What does it take to do a GLOBE study? A question or project – –How does cloud cover vary at your school to nearby schools? –What is weather associated with different cloud types? –Do the cloud types change over a day? CLOUDSAT: A cloud project – http://cloudsat.atmos.colostate.edu/educati on http://cloudsat.atmos.colostate.edu/educati on

15. We need a place to start Defining a study site The basic for the GLOBE Cloud Protocol Entering the GLOBE Web Site – http://www.globe.gov http://www.globe.gov Becoming a GLOBE School-

16. What did we LEARN?

17. Links to Resources GLOBE AIM CLOUD S’COOL MY NASA DATA CALIPSO

18. NLC Differences between mesospheric and tropospheric clouds Limited to 60 o to latitude for NLCs – but an increasing sightings at lower latitudes So, how can you study clouds in your classroom? GLOBE -

19. The Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) Mission Aeronomy: A term denoting the physics and chemistry of the upper atmosphere. It is concerned with upper- atmospheric composition (ie, nature of constituents, density, temperature, etc.) and chemical reactions. Go to http://aim.hamptonu.edu/i ndex.html http://aim.hamptonu.edu/i ndex.html

20. What are NLCs/PMCs….(more later tonight!!) NLCs (Noctilucent) appear only during the late spring and summer and can only be seen just after sunset or just before sunrise at 50 to 60 degrees latitude First recorded in 1885. May be occurring more frequently, appearing at lower latitudes and getting brighter – POSSIBLY due to Global Warming Not clear how NLCs form in the first place.

21. Noctilucent, or Polar Mesospheric Clouds NLCs lit by sunlight when the sun is below the horizon; geometry is the key! AIM will look down and sample the region where NLCs/PMCs are at and will be visible all of the time http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noctilucent_clouds