1. Clusters of Galaxies in the Microwaves

2. Clusters of Galaxies in the Microwaves
CMB+CLUSTERS
Sunyaev & Zel'dovich Effect

3. Sunyaev & Zel'dovich Effect
Thermal S-Z Effect
Kinetic S-Z effect

4. Sunyaev & Zel'dovich Effect
1) SZ effect depends on the projection of n along the line of sights
2) SZ effect is independent of redshift
dI/d=0
1) Combination of SZ and X-ray observations gives important information
on the gas structure ;
Combination of SZ and X-ray observations provide information on the cluster
Distance (estimate of H0)
2) SZ observations allow to observe (in principle) all the clusters in the universe

5. Sunyaev & Zel'dovich Effect

6. SZ Observation Techniques
Single dish
Bolometric array
Interferometer

7. The OVRO (Owens Valley Radio Observatory) 40-Meter and 5
The OVRO (Owens Valley Radio Observatory) 40-Meter and 5.5-Meter Telescope

8. APEX-SZ
330 element transition edge sensor (TES) monolithic bolometer array
0.4 degree field of view
Single color observations at 2 and 1.4 mm wavelengths
Single-moded horn coupled array for RF and stray light shielding
SQUID readouts on individual bolometers
Survey 200 square degrees to 10 micro-K_CMB sensitivity per 0.8' pixel in two seasons at 2 mm wavelength
Single detector NET of 350 micro-K √ s
Pulse-tube cooler-based cryostat to eliminate liquid cryogens

9. SuZIE The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Infrared Experiment
The SuZIE experiment measures the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect at multiple frequencies between 150 and 350 GHz, from the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory on Mauna Kea in Hawai'i.

10. OVMMA (Millimeter-Wavelength Array)

12. The Planck Mission

13. The Planck Mission

14. Cosmology with SZ Clusters

15. SZ sky of Known Clusters
Mazzotta
903 clusters

16. SZ sky including all clusters not detected in X-rays
Mazzotta
85,537,821 clusters
M>1.E13

17. Cold Fronts: implications for the kinetic SZ Effect and the CMB polarization
Diego, Mazzotta, Silk, ApJL

18. Kinetic SZ Effect and CMB Polarization

19. Signal Variation with respect to the “Classic SZ effect”

21. DS/S=2.5 DS/S=13 Dg/g=5 SZ Dg/g=26 Polarization 300 km/s M=1
T=9keV; V=1500 km/s
M=1
Dg/g=5 SZ
Dg/g=26 Polarization
DS/S=2.5
DS/S=13