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Subphylum Craniata (Vertebrata)
Phylum Chordata Subphylum Craniata (Vertebrata)
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Phylum Chordata, Subphylum Vertebrata (Craniata)
Increase in brain size & sensory apparati Derivation of neural crest Enclosure of anterior neural tube in cartilage/bone (neural crest derivative) Subsequent derivation of cartilaginous vertebrae, bony jaws & cranium Ossification of skeleton & derivation of appendicular skeleton Two superclasses Agnatha – without jaws Gnathostomata – mouth with jaws
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Cranium Formation
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Vertebrae Fig. 23.p477
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Pharyngeal Slits: From Feeding to Respiration
Fig. 23.p478a
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Elaboration of Sensory Systems
Fig. 23.p478b
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Vertebrate Cladistics
Subphylum (group) superclass superclass Fig. 24.2 Vertebrate Cladistics
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Phish Phylogeny Fig. 24.1
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Class Myxini - Hagfish Fig. 24.3a
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Hagfish Feeding Fig. 24.3d
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Class Cephalaspidomorphi
Lamprey Fig. 24.5
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Ammocoete Larvae of Lamprey
Filter feeders using pharyngeal slits Fig
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Lamprey
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Lamprey Feeding Fig. 24.6
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Lamprey Wound
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The terrifying development from the terrifying pharyngeal pouches
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Development of Jaws Fig
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Fig. 24.2
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Class Chondrichthyes – Cartilaginous Fish
Fig. 24.7
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Class Chondrichthyes Subclass Elasmobranchii
sharks & skates & rays Skates Fleshy tail, 2 dorsal fins, sometimes caudal fin Lay egg case (mermaid’s purse) Rays Narrow tail without fins, with spines
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Class Chondrichthyes Subclass Elasmobranchii
Caudal fin Fig. 24.8
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Unique Sensory Structures
Fig
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Chondrichthyes Anatomy
Rostrum Fig
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Subclass Holocephali – Chimeras
Fig
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Chondrichthyes Reproduction
Internal fertilization Males have claspers between pelvic fins Reproductive modes Oviparous Fertilized egg is laid Ovoviviparous Egg develops within female and living young are born No placenta or placental structures Viviparous Embryos develop within female and living young are born Some placenta-like structures of maternal origin
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Group Osteichthyes – bony fish
Class Actinopterygii – ray-finned fish subclass Neopterygia subclass Chondrostei Class Sarcopterygii – fleshy-finned fish seahorse grouper flying fish coelacanth lungfish
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Fish Scales Fig
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Types of Fish Scales Fig
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Fish Scales Allow Age Determination
Fig
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Teleost Anatomy Fig
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General Body Form Fig. 24.Fig. 24
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Fish Tales? Fig
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Primitive Bony Fish – Subclass Chondrostei
Nonteleost bony fish Heterocercal tail Ganoid scales Lungs Fig Gar
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Subclass Neopterygia –
Teleost Swim bladder Two dorsal fins Homocercal tail Bass Tuna Salmon Walleye
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Class Sarcopterygii – Lungfish & Coelocanth
Fig
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Buoyancy Fig
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Respiration Fig
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Osmotic Regulation Fig
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Weird Fish Structures Fig
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Life Cycle of Salmonids
Fig b
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