1. 1 Cardio Vascular System Audience: Health/Physical educators and health aspiring students By Vince Colucci

2. 2 Size of Heart Average Size of Heart 14 cm long 9 cm wide

3. 3 Location of Heart posterior to sternum medial to lungs base lies beneath 2 nd rib lies upon diaphragm

4. 4 Coverings of Heart

5. 5 Wall of the Heart

6. 6 Heart Chambers Right Atrium receives blood from Left Atrium receives blood from pulmonary veins Right Ventricle receives blood from right atrium Left Ventricle receives blood from left atrium

7. 7 Skeleton of Heart fibrous rings to which the heart valves are attached

8. 8 Path of Blood Through the Heart

9. 9

10. 10 Electrocardiogram recording of electrical changes that occur in the myocardium used to assess heart’s ability to conduct impulses P wave – atrial depolarization QRS wave – ventricular depolarization T wave – ventricular repolarization

11. 11 Electrocardiogram A prolonged QRS complex may result from damage to the A-V bundle fibers

12. 12 Regulation of Cardiac Cycle physical exercise body temperature concentration of various ions potassium calcium parasympathetic impulses decrease heart action sympathetic impulses increase heart action cardiac center regulates autonomic impulses to the heart Additional Factors that Influence HR

13. 13 Blood Vessels arteries carry blood away from ventricles of heart arterioles receive blood from arteries carry blood to capillaries capillaries sites of exchange of substances between blood and body cells venules receive blood from capillaries veins carry blood toward ventricle of heart

14. 14 Arteries and Arterioles Artery thick strong wall endothelial lining middle layer of smooth muscle and elastic tissue outer layer of connective tissue carries blood under relatively high pressure Arterioles thinner wall than artery endothelial lining some smooth muscle tissue small amount of connective tissue helps control blood flow into a capillary

15. 15 Metarteriole connects arteriole directly to venule

16. 16 Capillaries smallest diameter blood vessels extensions of inner lining of arterioles walls are endothelium only semipermeable sinusoids – leaky capillaries

17. 17 Capillary Network

18. 18 Venules and Veins Venule thinner wall than arteriole less smooth muscle and elastic tissue than arteriole Vein thinner wall than artery three layers to wall but middle layer is poorly developed some have flaplike valves carries blood under relatively low pressure serves as blood reservoir

19. 19 Arterial Blood Pressure Blood Pressure – force the blood exerts against the inner walls of the blood vessels Arterial Blood Pressure rises when ventricles contract falls when ventricles relax systolic pressure – maximum pressure diastolic pressure – minimum pressure

20. 20 Pulse alternate expanding and recoiling of the arterial wall that can be felt

21. Informational Link 21 http://www.ambulancetechnician study.co.uk/circsystem.html