1. D. Propst, Class 1812/7/20151 Class 18: 1. Barriers: Space (cont’d). 2. Perception & Cognition: An Overview

2. D. Propst, Class 1812/7/20152 Gravity Models II l Graph form: l most unique areas: shallow slopes l less unique: steep slopes

3. D. Propst, Class 1812/7/20153 Gravity Models III l Really concerned with entire SYSTEMS »N origins »M destinations »NM travel links l none of this presumes needs will be met!

4. D. Propst, Class 1812/7/20154 Perception: Overview l triangle vs. square l Point: not just sensation! l PROCESS by which we become aware and MAKE DECISIONS about our environment by SELECTING, ORGANIZING & INTERPRETING info collected by our senses l Another example: color perception, color combinations

5. D. Propst, Class 1812/7/20155 Perception/Cognition are closely linked l Humans are info. processors l Perception: filter info., recognize objects, retrieve other info. to resolve uncertainties l Cognition: further internal processing »reconstruction of the whole »organize the info. »process: predict, evaluate, make a choice (action?) »developmental: blooming & pruning

6. D. Propst, Class 1812/7/20156 Decision Process in General Problem Presented Salient Features Identified Other Info. Retrieved Organization Evaluation Action (e.g., choice)

7. D. Propst, Class 1812/7/20157 Environmental Cognition l further internal organization based on past experience l action (one is decision or choice) l However, a STRUCTURE is needed for this to occur l STRUCTURE=MENTAL OR COGNITIVE MAP »“an internal, organized representation (IR) or abstraction of some part of the external world” »key role of familiarity (“pruning”)

8. D. Propst, Class 1812/7/20158 Perception & Cognition l Go hand-in-hand; 3 functions »generality »economy »connectedness l Why are CM’s important? »location, prediction, decision, action »more than maps of space

9. D. Propst, Class 1812/7/20159 Meta-Conclusions l Learning Rule: things that follow each other tend to become associated. These associations become stronger with familiarity l Does little good to be able to perceive if we can’t predict what might happen next l “CM’s” are abstractions (models) of brain physiology and function. Help us organize & predict.

10. D. Propst, Class 1812/7/201510 Meta-Conclusions II l Why important to this class? Helps us understand: »our own limitations--the price we pay »human-environment interactions »how to design more functional environments »the human health function of “nature”