1. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Chapter 31 Complementary and Alternative Modalities

2. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Historical Influences on Contemporary Practices From ancient tradition to early science –Ancient Greece –Far East –China –India Shamanistic tradition

3. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Allopathic Medicine Western medicine –Approximately 200 years old –Body and mind Separate entities –Human body Collection of separate parts (continued)

4. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Allopathic Medicine Western medicine –Focus: Rid body of symptoms induced by disease or injury

5. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Contemporary Trends Mind-body medicine and research –Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)

6. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Holism and Nursing Practice Nature of healing

7. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Complementary and Alternative Interventions Mind-body self-regulatory techniques: –Relaxation –Meditation –Imagery –Biofeedback –Hypnosis (continued)

8. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Complementary and Alternative Interventions Body-movement manipulation strategies: –Movement and exercise Yoga Tai chi –Chiropractic (continued)

9. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Complementary and Alternative Interventions Energetic-touch healing techniques: –Touch –Therapeutic massage –Therapeutic touch –Healing touch –Shiatsu acupressure –Acupuncture –Reflexology (continued)

10. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Complementary and Alternative Interventions Spiritual therapies: –Faith healing –Healing prayer (continued)

11. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Complementary and Alternative Interventions Nutritional therapies: –Nutraceuticals Phytonutrients –Antioxidants and free radicals –Macrobiotic diet –Herbal therapy (continued)

12. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Complementary and Alternative Interventions Other methodologies: –Aromatherapy –Humor –Pet therapy –Music

13. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Nursing and Complementary and Alternative Approaches Educate consumers –Safety –Efficacy –Appropriate use Individualize interventions (continued)

14. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Nursing and Complementary and Alternative Approaches Nurse as instrument of healing –Knowledge base –Intentionality –Respect for differences –Ability to model wellness