1. by: Nick, Krista, and Tabatha Text Are Graphic Novels Right For You? YES.

2. What is a Graphic Novel? Author Will Eisner first used the term “graphic novel” in his 1978 work Contract with God only as a marketing term to stick-out from other comics (Rothschild, 1995) According to Goldsmith (2005), “the graphic novel is a complete within itself and provides a beginning, middle, and an end to the story or information it places before the reader. However, it shares the earmarks of sequential art that comic books incorporate: image and word are bound together in order for the narrative to unfold.” It is basically a comic in a novel length. Art Form, not Genre

3. How old are you? Golden Age:1938-1944 Atomic Age:1944-1956-Comic’s Code Authority Silver Age:1956-1972 Bronze Age:1972-1986 Modern Age(Iron Age):1986-Present With the recent sophistication of this medium, many believe there needs to be a redefinition of “graphic novel” and “comic.” Some argue, such as Alan Moore (author of Watchmen), that “comic” should be applied to all (Kavanagh, 2000).

4. Historical Context Definition Overall need reformatting: “A well done graphic novel offers the immediacy of the prose reading experience, with the pictures and the words working simultaneously, making a graphic novel not only something one reads but something one sees as well, like reading and watching a movie at the same time” Griffith 182). GRAPHIC Novel term (word graphic being associated with Porn). School Libraries-applicable to school libraries, more credibility

5. Maus: A Survivor’s Tale Part I: My Father Bleeds History (1986) Part 2: And Here My Troubles Began (1991) Written by Art Spiegelman; story about his Jewish father and his survival in the Holocaust. Jews are depicted as mice (Maus is German for “mouse”), Germans as cats, and Americans as dogs. Pulitzer Prize in 1992, the first graphic novel to ever do so Classical Comics Puffin Graphics: MacBeth and Wizard of Oz

6. Literacy Image literacy: a complex understanding of image within a context. Media literacy: related to Internet and new technology literacies. Semiotic modes: connecting graphic novels to the study of signs and symbols New literacy studies: examine and understand the kinds of literacies. Multiple modalities: comprehending a fused text/illustration format.

7. Public School Libraries Motivates Students to Read Exceptional Students Molds to the Curriculum

9. Building a Credible Collection The graphic novel format is new and the presence in libraries is newer. Therefore, collection development for graphic novels is a newer science. Important to note that “graphic novel” is a format and does not define age, taste, or aesthetic interest (Goldsmith, 2005 More graphic novels are published for adults than the juvenile audience Libraries should start with a small core collection, and then circulation will tell where to build (Heaney, 2007)

10. Consider… Will the collection serve children, adults, teens, ELL? If targeting teens, does the library treat the community’s teens as sophisticated or as older children? Budget? Does library already accommodate the graphic novel format, or will new policies need to be addressed?

11. Bibliographic Resources Booklist, Library Journal and School Library Journal – offers shorter reviews. School Library Journal focuses on age- appropriate material. Diamond Comics Bookshelf – online site featuring reviews by Kat Kan, an experience librarian and graphic novel fan. It is updated regularly and supplies professionally written reviews. (bookshelf.diamondcomics.com) Comic’s Journal – focuses on comics and graphic novels as an art form Artbomb – Reviews newer released graphic novels and comics (artbomb.net) Grovel – British website that provides information on new Amercican and British graphic novels (grovel.org.uk)

12. Managing, Maintaining, and Promoting Your Collection Since many graphic novels are divided by series rather then one whole book, it is hard to keep the collection in order Theft is a big issue: if one issue in a volume is missing, that one individual issue needs to be replaced or story is incomplete Cataloging challenges: there may be many authors to one work (i.e. X-Men has 14 different authors); manga, which are Japanese comics, have to be cataloged differently as well It is recommended that libraries adopt a bookstore shelving model for their graphic novels

13. Advocacy Public Libraries: Intermediary, Ed. Connection, & Appeal Comic Book Legal Defense Fund (CBLDF): non- profit organization for comics, cartoonists, and access and intellectual freedom issues School Library Advocacy

14. Sources Cornog, Martha, and Perper, Timothy, ed. 2009. Graphic novels: Beyond the basics. California: ABC-CLIO. Weiner, Robert, ed. 2010. Graphic novels and comics in libraries and archives. North Carolina: McFarland and Company. = Lyga, Allyson, and Lyga, Barry. 2004. Graphic novels in your media center: A definitive guide. Conneticut: Libraries Unlimited. With RefWorks Edwards, Buffy. 2009. Motivating middle school readers: The graphic novel link. School Library Media Activities Monthly 25, no. 8: 56-58, http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ837441&site=ehost-live&scope=site; http://www.schoollibrarymedia.com/. http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ837441&site=ehost-live&scope=site http://www.schoollibrarymedia.com Frey, Nancy and Douglas Fisher. 2004. Using graphic novels, anime, and the internet in an urban high school. English Journal 93, no. 3: 19, http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ716830&site=ehost-live&scope=site; http://www.ncte.journals/ej/issues. http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ716830&site=ehost-live&scope=site http://www.ncte.journals/ej/issues Griffith, Paula E. 2010. Graphic novels in the secondary classroom and school libraries. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy 54, no. 3: 181- 189, http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ904693&site=ehost- live&scope=site ; http://dx.doi.org/10.1598/JAAL.54.3.3.http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ904693&site=ehost- live&scope=sitehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1598/JAAL.54.3.3 Harris, Violet J. 2008. Selecting books that children will want to read. Reading Teacher 61, no. 5: 426-430, http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=29407417&site=ehost-live&scope=site. http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=29407417&site=ehost-live&scope=site

15. Sources Haynes, Elizabeth. 2009. Getting started with graphic novels in school libraries. Library Media Connection 27, no. 4: 10-12, http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ832387&site=ehost-live&scope=site; http://www.linworth.com/pdf/lmc/reviews_and_articles/tables_of_contents/lmc_January_February_2009_toc.pdf. http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ832387&site=ehost-live&scope=site http://www.linworth.com/pdf/lmc/reviews_and_articles/tables_of_contents/lmc_January_February_2009_toc.pdf Irwin, Marilyn and Robin Moeller. 2010. Seeing different: Portrayals of disability in young adult graphic novels. School Library Media Research 13,, http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ888377&site=ehost-live&scope=site. http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ888377&site=ehost-live&scope=site Lyga, Allyson A. W. 2006. GRAPHIC NOVELS FOR (REALLY) YOUNG READERS. (cover story). School Library Journal 52, no. 3: 56-61, http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=20089753&site=ehost-live&scope=site. http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=20089753&site=ehost-live&scope=site Nylund, Carol. 2007. Selecting mangas and graphic novels. Library Media Connection 25, no. 5: 30, http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ762371&site=ehost-live&scope=site; http://www.linworth.com/pdf/lmc/reviews_and_articles/tables_of_contents/lmc_feb07_toc.pdf. http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ762371&site=ehost-live&scope=site http://www.linworth.com/pdf/lmc/reviews_and_articles/tables_of_contents/lmc_feb07_toc.pdf Ranker, Jason. 2007. Using comic books as read-alouds: Insights on reading instruction from an english as a second language classroom. Reading Teacher 61, no. 4: 296-305, http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=27773293&site=ehost- live&scope=site.http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=27773293&site=ehost- live&scope=site Rudiger, Hollis Margaret and Megan Schliesman. 2007. Graphic novels and school libraries. Knowledge Quest 36, no. 2-: 57-59, http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ826944&site=ehost-live&scope=site; http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/aasl/aaslpubsandjournals/knowledgequest/knowledgequest.cfm. http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ826944&site=ehost-live&scope=site http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/aasl/aaslpubsandjournals/knowledgequest/knowledgequest.cfm Seyfried, Jonathan. 2008. Graphic novels as educational heavyweights. Knowledge Quest 36, no. 3: 44-48, http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=31574475&site=ehost-live&scope=site. http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=31574475&site=ehost-live&scope=site Smetana, Linda, Darah Odelson, Heidi Burns, and Dana L. Grisham. 2009. Using graphic novels in the high school classroom: Engaging deaf students with a new genre. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy 53, no. 3: 228-240, http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ862137&site=ehost-live&scope=site; http://dx.doi.org/10.1598/JAAL.53.3.4. http://ezproxy.dom.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ862137&site=ehost-live&scope=site http://dx.doi.org/10.1598/JAAL.53.3.4

16. Sources Rothschild, D.A. (1995) Graphic Novels: A Bibliographic Guide To Book-length Comics, Libraries Unlimited, Englewood, CO. Goldsmith, Francisca. (2005) Graphic Novels Now. American Library Association: Chicago. Kavanagh, Barry. (2000) Alan Moore Interview: Northampton / “graphic novel.” http://www.blather.net/articles/amoore/northampton.html (accessed October 17, 2011) Heaney, Mary J. “Graphic Novels: a Sure Bet For Your Library.” Collection Building 26, no. 3 (April 2007): 72-76

17. Sources Crowley, Bill. 2008. Renewing Professional Librarianship: A Fundamental Rethinking. Westport: Libraries Unlimited. Serchay, David. 2008. Graphic Novels for Children and Tweens. New York: Neal-Schuman Publishers, INC. Goldsmith, Francisca. 2010. The Reader’s Advisory Guide to Graphic Novels. Chicago: American Library Association. Pawuk, Michael. 2007. Graphic Novels: A Genre Guide to Comic Books, Manga and More. Westport: Libraries Unlimited. Mouly, Francoise. 2011. Visual LIteracy. Children & Libraries: The Journal of the Association for Library Services to Children. ALA. Create Your Own Comic: Marvel Super Hero Squad. 2009 http://superherosquad.marvel.com/create_your_own_comic.. http://superherosquad.marvel.com/create_your_own_comic

18. Questions or Comments?