2. The Age of Jackson By 1824 the Era of Good Feelings was coming to an end. During this time the Democratic Party begins to take shape. This is the same Democratic Party of today

3. The Election of 1824 Four men battle for the Presidency Speaker of the House – Henry Clay Secretary of Treasury – William H. Crawford Secretary of State – John Quincy Adams Congressman Andrew Jackson - Tennessee

5. The Campaign Each man chose to represent a different part of the nation as a Republican Andrew Jackson = the west (Tenn.) John Quincy Adams = the Northeast (Mass.) William H. Crawford = the South (Georgia) Henry Clay = National Leader (Kentucky)

6. Election of 1824 Candidate Party Electoral Vote Popular Vote Presidential John Quincy Adams (MA) Democratic- Republican 84115,696 Henry Clay (KY)“3747,136 Andrew Jackson (TN)“99152,933 William H. Crawford (GA) “4146,979 131 Electoral Votes are needed to be President

7. Who is President? Nobody had the required 131 votes (majority ) to win the election According to the 12 th Amendment the House of Representatives will vote for the President They will vote on the top three candidates (Henry Clay is out)

8. “Corrupt Bargain” Clay (who hated Jackson) decided to throw his support to Quincy Adams. Clay persuaded many to change their vote and support Quincy Adams for President The House ends up electing Quincy Adams President on the first ballot Quincy Adams then appoints Clay as Secretary of State Jackson and his supporters cry “corrupt bargain”

10. Jackson vs. Quincy Adams Election of 1828 In the Election of 1828 Jackson calls himself a Democratic-Republican Quincy Adams calls himself a National-Republican By 1830 Jackson referred to himself as a Democrat

11. The campaign was the first true mud-slinging contest. Adams was accused of misusing public funds—he had supposedly purchased gambling devices for the presidential residence; actually he had simply bought a chessboard and a pool table. The charges against Jackson were much more malicious. He was accused of murder for executing militia deserters and dueling. In addition, he and his wife were accused of adultery. Rachel was a divorcee'; she and Jackson believed her divorce was finalized before their marriage. The papers were incomplete, however, and she was publicly branded an adulteress by Jackson’s political opponents. Mrs. Jackson was humiliated, became ill and died before the inauguration. Jackson believed these attacks caused his wife’s death and said, “May God Almighty forgive her murderers as I know she forgave them. I never can.”

12. The Election of 1828 By 1828 most white male citizens have won the right to vote Many of these people considered Jackson to be their leader They were proud of his log cabin legends

14. Election of 1828 Candidates PartyElectora l Vote Popular Vote Andrew Jackson (TN) John C. Calhoun (SC) Democrat Republican 178647,286 J.Q. Adams (MA) Richard Rush (PA) National Republican 83508,064

16. Sweeping Victory Jackson won all states west of the Appalachian Mountains and south of the Potomac River + PA and NY John C. Calhoun was elected as Vice-President

19. Jackson’s Inauguration

21. The Spoils System “To the Victor Belongs the Spoils” Jackson removed those who did not support him and replaced them with his loyal friends Jackson replaces 20% of his enemies This now becomes Precedent

22. The Kitchen Cabinet Jackson hoped to bring the government and the common man closer together He did this by surrounding himself with a group of unofficial advisors These people were newspaper editors, who helped Jackson mold public opinion and gain good publicity They also helped him win the nation’s support

23. Jackson’s Indian Policy Jackson believed that Indians were primitive people who blocked the westward movement of civilization Jackson feels the Indians would be able to keep their own way of life on the other side of the Mississippi River

24. Pushed West With Jackson’s encouragement Congress passes the Indian Resettlement Act of 1830 This Act pushed all Indian tribes west of the Mississippi River to Arkansas Many Indian tribes did not agree with the new law

25. The Black Hawk War The Sauk & Fox tribes of Wisconsin and Illinois decide not to leave their sacred land Black Hawk led a brave attack against the white man but was overwhelmed Black Hawk was captured and held prisoner

27. The Five Civilized Tribes These five tribes began to adopt the white mans way of life 1. Creeks 2. Choctaws 3. Chickasaws 4. Cherokees 5. Seminoles

28. Civilized or Primitive? The Cherokee Indians developed the following: 1. A written language 2. Published newspaper 3. Schools for children 4. Written Constitution 5. Judicial System with Law Enforcement

30. Fate of the Cherokees Gold is discovered on Cherokee lands in Georgia The Georgia legislature passes a law stating that the Cherokee land treaty was null & void Georgia says the Cherokees must leave Chief Justice John Marshall declares the law unconstitutional and says the Cherokees can stay Jackson says “John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it”

31. Forced to Leave The Cherokees are eventually forced to leave their sacred land The Cherokees are driven from their lands in the bitter cold of winter with little food or clothing This becomes known as the “Trail of Tears” Thousands of Cherokees died on this historic journey