1. STID1103 2009

2. TO BE EXPLORED… WHY CHARTS & GRAPHS (C&G)? DESCRIBING DATA WITH C&G CREATING A C&G IN EXCEL CONCLUSION HANDS-ON EXERCISE

3. Intro: why use c&g? Charts and graphs can be used to pictorially represent data. A Pie Chart Showing the Percentage Distribution of Deaths from all Causes

4. Intro: why use c&g? pie chart is used when –the total of something is known –to show the pieces that make it up. other graphs e.g. line chart can be extended with no arbitrary ending points What can we see?

5. Intro: why use c&g? Such chart enables us to answer questions such as –How many students graduated in 1992? –In what year did we have the greatest number of graduates? –What is the fewest number of graduates we have had? –Were there more graduates in 1989 or in 1998? –Taking the whole graph as a basis, will we likely have more or less graduates in 2000 than we had in 1999?

6. Describing Data with Charts and Graphs graphical representation of data is far more effective in conveying information than are tables of data Excel has nine basic type of charts and graphs with many subclassifications within each of the nine types

7. Describing Data with Charts and Graphs Column Bar Area Line High-low Radar Scatter-plot Pie & donut 3D surface plot

8. Column chart

9. Bar chart

10. Area chart

11. Line chart

12. High-low chart

13. Radar chart

14. Scatter Plots

15. Pie & Donut charts

16. 3D surface plots

17. Describing Data with Charts and Graphs Purpose of the ChartAppropriate Chart Type Compare categorical dataColumn Chart; Bar Chart, Radar Chart Compare series of data over time Area Chart, Line Chart, Column Chart (stacked), High-Low Chart Percentage of total comparisons Pie Chart, Donut Chart, Stacked Bar or Column chart Relationship between two variables Scatter Plot Relationship between three variables 3-Dimension Surface Plot

18. Creating a chart in Excel 1.Enter data to be plotted on worksheet 2.Highlight data to be plotted 3.Begin Chart Wizard select Chart from the Insert Menu, or by pressing the F11 key, or by selecting the ChartWizard Icon from the Toolbar 4.Follow instructions to create/change graph in ChartWizard Hands-on exercise

19. Conclusion Graphs can be used to illustrate many types of data and are not limited to the simpler types such as line and bar. They should be used to make facts clearer and more understandable.

20. questions The daily high temperatures in your city for a year. The sources of income for your city. Low temperature trends over a year. Monthly sales by region. Average amount of milk drank in a year by different age groups. How your income is spent. The average height of men and women during the 20th century. The weekly commission you have earned as a salesperson. The monthly total of TV sets you have sold. The average age of women when they have their first child. What type of graph would you use to display the following types of data:

21. answers Line or bar graph. Pie chart (Circle graph). Scatter Diagram (Scattergram). [Multiple] bar or line graph. Pictogram or bar chart. Pie chart. Scatter diagram, [double] bar or line graph. Line or bar graph. Pictograph or bar graph. Scatter diagram, line or bar graph. Suggested answers are as the following. For most of these you could use more than one type of graph or chart.