1. Rural, Non-Freeway Rumbles Keeping Drivers on the Road…

2. Why Rural, Non-Freeway ? 80% of all fatal single vehicle run- off-road (ROR) crashes occur on two lane rural roads 80% of all fatal single vehicle run- off-road (ROR) crashes occur on two lane rural roads 75% of all head-on crashes occur on rural roads

3. Which of these rural crashes are correctable by rumble strips…? Which of these rural crashes are correctable by rumble strips…?

4. Correctable?  swerve to avoid anything…NO  hydroplane…NO  tire blowout…NO  trailer sway…NO  snow or ice…NO

5. Correctable = Drift-Off

6. Michigan DOT Drift-Off Crash Maps- Dave Morena, FHWA Safety and Traffic Engineer: Dave Morena, FHWA Safety and Traffic Engineer: Computer generated Computer generated Tested to 80% reliability Tested to 80% reliability

7. Region Maps Centerline Drift-over Crashes 5-YR Trunkline Rural, 55 mph: 2322 crashes 255 serious crashes 129 deaths

8. Region Maps Centerline Drift-over Crashes

10. Region Maps: Shoulder Drift-off Crashes 5-YR Trunkline Rural, 55 mph: 3410 crashes 290 serious crashes 45 deaths

11. Common Concerns Common Concerns Pavement / Joint Deterioration Pavement / Joint Deterioration Microsurface Microsurface Noise Noise Bicyclists Bicyclists Motorcyclists Motorcyclists

12. Mitigation Strategies 3/8” depth 3/8” depth 1’-2’ centerline pattern 1’-2’ centerline pattern 6” to 12” offset 6” to 12” offset 6’ wide min. paved shoulder 6’ wide min. paved shoulder 48’-12’ shoulder pattern 48’-12’ shoulder pattern field review field review

13. Alaska Alaska Arizona Arizona Colorado Colorado Delaware Delaware Georgia Georgia Iowa Iowa Hawaii Hawaii Kansas Kansas Kentucky Mississippi Missouri Minnesota Pennsylvania Tennessee Washington Aggressive Use of Rumbles

14. ‘Crash type is not random… …crash location is.’ Brian Chandler, Missouri Department of Transportation

15. Spot treatment or System-wide? SYSTEM-WIDE

16. Questions? Thank you….. Thank you…..