1. The Opening of the Atlantic

2. A Shift in Trade Europe started to use the ocean trade routes more then land routes Europe started to use the ocean trade routes more then land routes Venice, Italy lost their monopoly on trade with India Venice, Italy lost their monopoly on trade with India The Americas proved to be very profitable for trade with their lush forest, clear stream, and other natural resources. The Americas proved to be very profitable for trade with their lush forest, clear stream, and other natural resources.

3. The Columbian Exchange Explorers carried plants, animals, and diseases to the new world. They brought back plants and animals to the “old world” Explorers carried plants, animals, and diseases to the new world. They brought back plants and animals to the “old world” Indians used European animals such as horses, pigs, and cattle for food and transportation Indians used European animals such as horses, pigs, and cattle for food and transportation

4. Columbian Exchange cont. Measles, smallpox, and typhus were diseases brought over by Europeans. Measles, smallpox, and typhus were diseases brought over by Europeans. Indians did not have an immune system against these diseases Indians did not have an immune system against these diseases Hundreds of thousands of Indians died from this Hundreds of thousands of Indians died from this One explorer wrote, “of the original 1,000,000 Indians on the island only 500 are left, Oveido.” One explorer wrote, “of the original 1,000,000 Indians on the island only 500 are left, Oveido.”

5. Measles It first shows up on the head, face, and neck. It then travels to the abdomen and, finally, to the arms and legs. It first shows up on the head, face, and neck. It then travels to the abdomen and, finally, to the arms and legs. At first, the rash consists of flat, red patches. Eventually, bumps appear. The rash may or may not be itchy. At first, the rash consists of flat, red patches. Eventually, bumps appear. The rash may or may not be itchy. As the rash develops, the patient's temperature begins to rise and may so as high as 105°F (40.5°C). As the rash develops, the patient's temperature begins to rise and may so as high as 105°F (40.5°C). Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and swollen lymph nodes. The patient usually feels very ill. Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and swollen lymph nodes. The patient usually feels very ill.

6. Typhus When lice feed on a human, they may simultaneously defecate. When lice feed on a human, they may simultaneously defecate. When the person scratches the bite, the feces (which carry’s the bacteria) are scratched into the wound. When the person scratches the bite, the feces (which carry’s the bacteria) are scratched into the wound. Body lice are common in areas in which people live in overcrowded, dirty conditions, with few opportunities to wash themselves or their clothing Body lice are common in areas in which people live in overcrowded, dirty conditions, with few opportunities to wash themselves or their clothing

7. Smallpox Throughout history, smallpox has been a greatly feared disease. Throughout history, smallpox has been a greatly feared disease. It has been responsible for huge epidemics worldwide. It has been responsible for huge epidemics worldwide. The disease has caused great suffering and many deaths. The disease has caused great suffering and many deaths. Smallpox is now thought to have been eliminated from the Earth. Smallpox is now thought to have been eliminated from the Earth.

8. Northwest Passage Europeans looked for a route through North America to the Pacific. “The Northwest Passage” Europeans looked for a route through North America to the Pacific. “The Northwest Passage” A passage was never found but North America was being explored even more, including Canada and the Hudson Bay/ St. Lawrence River A passage was never found but North America was being explored even more, including Canada and the Hudson Bay/ St. Lawrence River This led to Europe's increase interest in the North America This led to Europe's increase interest in the North America

9. Northwest Passage