1. Science vs. Pseudoscience IDS 3303 Issues in Science and Technology

2. Agenda Identity issues What is Pseudoscience? Secrets of the Psychics

3. What is Pseudoscience “Pseudo” = “fake” Beliefs masquerading as science Attempt to legitimize Start with answer Find data to support Ignore conflicting evidence

4. Example Ivory soap - "99.44/100% Pure: It Floats“ Mixture is unidentified – what’s “pure”? What does “floating” have to due with purity? Air bubbles mixed in – therefore impure A boat floats, is it “pure”?

5. Criteria for Determining Pseudoscience Is anecdotal evidence cited? Individual stories, testimonies Testimonial statements not FTC regulated Does the claim fit with existing knowledge? What kind of reasoning has been used? Post hoc, ergo propter hoc “After this, therefore because of this” Baloney Detection Collection

6. Criteria for Determining Pseudoscience Is it possible to test the claim? Elimination of plausible influences Are sources cited? Unbiased Credible If sampled, how was the sample obtained? Baloney Detection Collection

7. Criteria for Determining Pseudoscience Is “conspiracy theory” used to support claims? Doctors The government Big corporations Baloney Detection Collection

8. Criteria Anecdotal evidence? Fit with existing knowledge? Reasoning? Possible to test? Sources cited? How was the sample obtained? Conspiracy theory?