1. Target Populations 10

2. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe After studying this chapter, the dental hygiene student should be able to:  Define target populations to whom dental hygienists may provide services.  Define faith-based initiatives.  Define target profiles.  List barriers to dental hygiene care.

3. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  Respect the goals, values, beliefs, and preferences of the patient/client while promoting optimal oral and general health.  Provide screenings, referrals, and education to bring consumers into the health care delivery system.

4. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe After studying this chapter and participating in accompanying course activities, the dental hygiene student should be competent to do the following:  Promote the profession through service activities and affiliations with professional organizations.  Promote the values of oral and general health and wellness to the public and organizations within and outside the profession.

5. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  A clearly defined segment of the population

6. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  Family caregivers  Health care workers  Hospice workers  School teachers  Social workers

7. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe

8. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  Populations with medical conditions and/or disease

9. Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved

10. Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved

11. Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved

12. Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved

13. Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved

14. Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved

15. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  Populations with developmental disabilities  Populations with hearing impairments  Populations with visual impairments  Populations living in poverty  Inmates

16. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe

17. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  Prenatal  Infancy  Preschool  Elementary school  Teenage  Adults  Older adults

18. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe

19. Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved

20. Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved

21. Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved

22. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  Comprehensive overview of the target populations that includes specific descriptions:  Demographics  Location  Resources  Partnerships

23. Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved

24. Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved

25. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  Religious groups  Religious leaders’ influence on health care and social issues

26. Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved

27. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  Target population defined  Specific target populations  Target population profiles  Faith-based initiatives  Barriers to care

28. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe 1) What is a group of individuals with some similarities?  A) Cohort  B) Study group  C) Target population  D) Need's assessment  E) None of the above 2) With which age group is it most appropriate to discuss halitosis?  A) Teenagers  B) Day care workers caring for infants  C) Older adults  D) Preschoolers  E) A and B

29. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe 1) What is a group of individuals with some similarities?  A) Cohort  B) Study group  C) Target population  D) Need's assessment  E) None of the above 2) With which age group is it most appropriate to discuss halitosis?  A) Teenagers  B) Day care workers caring for infants  C) Older adults  D) Preschoolers

30. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  3) What group of disease damages a person’s joints?  A) Arthritis  B) Crohn’s disease  C) Asthma  D) Depression  E) All of the above  4) Barriers to dental hygiene care can be defined as _______  A) Issues pertaining to the individual's needs  B) Needs assessment  C) Treatment planning  D) A limitation to receiving dental hygiene services  E) None of the above

31. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  3) What group of disease damages a person’s joints?  A) Arthritis  B) Crohn’s disease  C) Asthma  D) Depression  E) All of the above  4) Barriers to dental hygiene care can be defined as _______  A) Issues pertaining to the individual's needs  B) Needs assessment  C) Treatment planning  D) A limitation to receiving dental hygiene services  E) None of the above

32. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  5) Family caregivers may be responsible for providing which type of care to their family member?  A) Scaling  B) Prophylaxis  C) Oral hygiene care  D) Professional dental care  E) B and D  6) When treating a school-aged child it is important to direct the question to the child first so that the child realizes that he/she is your patient.  A) The first statement is true, the second statement is false  B) The first statement is false, the second statement is true  C) Both statements are true  D) Both statements are false  E) None of the above

33. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  5) Family caregivers may be responsible for providing which type of care to their family member?  A) Scaling  B) Prophylaxis  C) Oral hygiene care  D) Professional dental care  E) B and D  6) When treating a school-aged child it is important to direct the question to the child first so that the child realizes that he/she is your patient.  A) The first statement is true, the second statement is false  B) The first statement is false, the second statement is true  C) Both statements are true  D) Both statements are false  E) None of the above

34. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  7) A two-year-old child with severe stages of early childhood caries who has Medicaid insurance may face which barriers to care?  A) Severity of the dental disease  B) Age  C) Lack of qualified practitioners accepting Medicaid insurance  D) All of the above  E) None of above  8) A positive role model in dental care and oral health education is rapidly effective in which age group?  A) Preschoolers  B) Infants  C) Adults  D) Older adults  E) All of the above

35. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  7) A two-year-old child with severe stages of early childhood caries who has Medicaid insurance may face which barriers to care?  A) Severity of the dental disease  B) Age  C) Lack of qualified practitioners accepting Medicaid insurance  D) All of the above  E) None of above 8) A positive role model in dental care and oral health education is rapidly effective in which age group?  A) Preschoolers  B) Infants  C) Adults  D) Older adults  E) All of the above

36. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  9) The activity of professionals who work with individuals/communities to enhance or restore their capacity for social functioning is referred to as _______  A) Cultural diversity  B) Social work  C) Dental hygiene  D) Nursing  E) None of the above  10) In the United States, what percentage of our gross national product is spent on public assistance and social and health programs for those in need?  A) >6%  B) >12%  C) >50%  D) >1%  E) None of the above

37. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  9) The activity of professionals who work with individuals/communities to enhance or restore their capacity for social functioning is referred to as _______  A) Cultural diversity  B) Social work  C) Dental hygiene  D) Nursing  E) None of the above  10) In the United States, what percentage of our gross national product is spent on public assistance and social and health programs for those in need?  A) >6%  B) >12%  C) >50%  D) >1%  E) None of the above

38. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  11) Women who are pregnant present with a variety of oral health needs, including which of the following?  A) Changes in oral health because of pregnancy  B) Education in the care of their infant's oral health needs  C) Education in denture care  D) A and B  E) All of the above  12) What age group is interested in obtaining knowledge and continuing to strive for independence?  A) Infancy  B) Pregnant women  C) Older adults  D) Elementary school-age children  E) None of the above

39. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  11) Women who are pregnant present with a variety of oral health needs, including which of the following?  A) Changes in oral health because of pregnancy  B) Education in the care of their infant's oral health needs  C) Education in denture care  D) A and B  E) All of the above  12) What age group is interested in obtaining knowledge and continuing to strive for independence?  A) Infancy  B) Pregnant women  C) Older adults  D) Elementary school-age children  E) None of the above

40. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  13) What age group tends to be more engaged in the learning process if the members are aware of the benefits?  A) Adults  B) Preschoolers  C) Infants  D) All of the above  E) None of the above  14) What disability is either present at birth or occurs during the developmental period?  A) Acute  B) Developmental  C) Life-threatening  D) Accidental  E) None of the above

41. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  13) What age group tends to be more engaged in the learning process if the members are aware of the benefits?  A) Adults  B) Preschoolers  C) Infants  D) All of the above  E) None of the above  14) What disability is either present at birth or occurs during the developmental period?  A) Acute  B) Developmental  C) Life-threatening  D) Accidental  E) None of the above

42. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  15) What group of workers includes professionals working together to make terminal illness more tolerable and comfortable for patients and their families?  A) Dental hygienists  B) Social workers  C) Hospice workers  D) All of the above  E) None of the above

43. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  15) What group of workers includes professionals working together to make terminal illness more tolerable and comfortable for patients and their families?  A) Dental hygienists  B) Social workers  C) Hospice workers  D) All of the above  E) None of the above

44. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  16) A presentation provided to pregnant women should include information on early childhood caries.  17) School teachers have influence on students.  18) A developmental disability is not present at birth and does not occur during the developmental period.  19) Medical conditions frequently affect oral health.  20) Inmates are defined as individuals living in a state or federal prison.

45. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  16) A presentation provided to pregnant women should include information on early childhood caries. T  17) School teachers have influence on students. T  18) A developmental disability is not present at birth and does not occur during the developmental period. F  19) Medical conditions frequently affect oral health. T  20) Inmates are defined as individuals living in a state or federal prison. T

46. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  21) A legal barrier to dental care  22) The role of religious organizations in health care  23) An eating disorder that includes purging  24) Limitation in hearing  25) Limitations in sight range from a slight impairment in vision to complete blindness  A) Lack of faith in treatment  B) Faith-based initiatives  C) Visual impairment  D) Hearing impairment  E) Bulimia  F) Anorexia nervosa  G) Supervision of dental hygienists by dentists

47. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Dental Public Health & Research: Contemporary Practice for the Dental Hygienist, 3/e Christine Nielsen Nathe  21) A legal barrier to dental care G  22) The role of religious organizations in health care B  23) An eating disorder that includes purging E  24) Limitation in hearing D  25) Limitations in sight range from a slight impairment in vision to complete blindness C  A) Lack of faith in treatment  B) Faith-based initiatives  C) Visual impairment  D) Hearing impairment  E) Bulimia  F) Anorexia nervosa  G) Supervision of dental hygienists by dentists