1. The Clause Michael Clay Thompson Level 4 Analysis

2. Clauses are EASY! The word CLAUSE comes from the same root as the words claustrophobia, enclosure, and close. The idea is that a clause is a CLOSING. – The SUBJECT opens the idea, and the PREDICATE closes it; – The SUBJECT asks, and the PREDICATE answers

3. A CLAUSE is simply a group of words That contains a SUBJECT and its PREDICATE, and this one-two structure OPENS and CLOSES an idea. Every clause has this PRIMARY set at its center EXAMPLE: HE LOVES TAKING NOTES Subject: HE Predicate: LOVES

4. Subject / Predicate Open, Close The COMPLETE CLAUSE includes not only the subject and the verb, but all of the MODIFIERS and PHRASES that go with them. A sentence may consist of ONE clause, or it might can SEVERAL clauses, each with its own subject and predicate.

5. Stop and Practice! Has Eggworthy cracked the case of the Missing Chicken?

6. Answer Subject: Eggworthy Predicate: Cracked

7. 2. Lulu crossed the Alps in the dead of winter without help from a single elephant.

8. Answer Subject: Lulu Predicate: Cracked

9. 3. Agwamp swam for 15 minutes and rowed for an hour before nightfall.

10. Answer Subject: Agwamp Answer: Swam, Rowed

11. I and D – Two Kinds of Clauses Independent Clause (I): An independent clause is a clause that makes sense INDEPENDENTLY. It can stand alone.

12. Dependent Clause (D): A dependent of SUBORDINATE clause is usually a clause that does not make sense unless it can “HANG ON” to an INDEPENDENT clause. Dependent clauses are sometimes called SUBORDINATE clauses, and often begin SUBORDINATING conjunctions.

13. Stop! Practice Time! Here are a few examples of independent and dependent clauses. Identify the subject (opening) and verb (closing) in each. Then label and decide if the clause is mature or immature. Write I for independent and D for dependent. 1. Cedric blasted Blathersby with a radar gun.

14. Answer Subject: Cedric Predicate: Blasted Clause Type: I

15. 2. Because Blathersby had installed an illegal motor on his skateboard.

16. Answer Subject: Blathersby Predicate: Installed Clause Type: D

17. 3. Which Eggworthy bought from an overcrowded zoo.

18. Answer Subject: Eggworthy Predicate: Bought Clause Type: D

19. Clause vs. Sentence A clause has both a SUBJECT and a VERB like a sentence, but a sentence always has a COMPLETE thought, whereas a clause might be INCOMPLETE. A sentence can consist of several CLAUSES Every sentence has at least ONE INDEPENDENT clause in it, but a DEPENDENT clause does not make a complete thought.

20. Four Sentence Structures I Simple Sentence: A simple sentence is a sentence consisting of one INDEPENDENT clause. Example: Murgatroyd slowly ate the beef and yam stew.

21. II – Compound Sentence A compound sentence is a sentence made up of two or more INDEPENDENT clauses. You can use a compound sentence to connect two or more ideas of EQUAL importance. Use COORDINATING conjunctions to create compound sentences Punctuate: I, cc I or I;I EX: Murgatroyd slowly ate the beef and yam stew, and he lovingly drank a tall glass of skim milk.

22. ID or D,I: Complex Sentence A complex sentence is a sentence that is complex because it consists of an independent clause joined to a DEPENDENT clause. You can use a complex sentence to show a PRIMARY idea that has a LESSER idea attached to it. The INDEPENDENT clause will contain the LESSER idea. Use SUBORDINATING conjunctions to create complex sentences.

23. Complex Sentences Punctuate them: ID D,I Murgatroyd slowly ate the beef and yam stew because it was his favorite.

24. IID DII Compound-Complex Sentence A compound-complex is a sentence is a sentence that contains both a COMPOUND clause and a COMPLEX clause. EX: Murgatroyd slowly ate the beef and yam stew, but his sister, who is a vegetarian, refused to eat for dinner.

25. Conjunctions A conjunction CONNECTS words or groups of words. There are THREE kinds of conjunctions: coordinating, subordinating, and correlative.

26. Coordinating Conjunctions FANBOYS—connects words or groups of words that are of equal importance. FOR AND NOR BUT OR YET SO

27. Subordinating Conjunctions WASBIT—Introduce DEPENDENT CLAUSES and join them to INDEPENDENT CLAUSE (You have the whole list on your notes!) While / When As / Although Since / So that Because / Before If / In order that Though / That

28. Correlative Conjunctions Correlative Conjunctions—are word pairs that serve to join words or groups of words. Both…and Either…or Neither…nor Not only…but also Whether…or

29. Conjunctive Adverbs Conjunctive Adverbs–are used to express relationships between INDEPENDENT clauses. Accordingly also besides consequently finally Furthermore hence however instead Nevertheless otherwise similarly still therefore thus