1. Surgical Planning Laboratory Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, Massachusetts USA a teaching affiliate of Harvard Medical School Open System Architecture for Image- Guided Therapy: Goals of this Workshop Randy Ellis, Ph.D.

2. ©2006 Surgical Planning Laboratory, ARR Slide 2 Reminder: Software is Expensive and Complex 31% were abandoned before delivery Over 57% were a minimum of 189% over budget Since then: overall, limited progress WHY?  Inherent complexity Source: The Standish Group An extensive 1994 study of thousands of US industrial projects found:

3. ©2006 Surgical Planning Laboratory, ARR Slide 3 Some Guiding Principles Open Source: – Collaborative process – Free to commercialization Robust: – Can utilize existing infrastructure (e.g., NAMIC/Kitware) – Automated testing of all changes Extensible: – Expect to add new imaging modalities – Expect new interventional procedures

4. ©2006 Surgical Planning Laboratory, ARR Slide 4 Workshop Goals Share our experiences in building IGT components systems Identify engineering infrastructure pieces that are: – Missing and need to be built; or – Exist and need to be made [easily] available to the community Identify short and long term needs that existing national centers (e.g., NCIGT and NA-MIC) can help address Identify industry-academic partnerships that would help accelerate research without compromising the industry partner's market advantage Raise awareness of the benefits of "Open" Source/Science/Interfaces

5. ©2006 Surgical Planning Laboratory, ARR Slide 5 Reminder: Human Genome Project Competing interests: USA academics, international academics, industry NIH: key in developing an open repository for sequences and subsequences Journals partnered: required deposition prior to publication Control Mechanism: “The Invisible Hand” (cf. Adam Smith, 1776)