1. 1 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Interferometric Modulator Display ACCOTO Celso ADHAM Mohamed LARRIEU JeanCharles LE GROS Christophe MAQUEDA LÓPEZ Mariazel OTTONELLO BRIANO Floria PIZZATO Daniel SADRINI Jury Team Members:

2. 2 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Outline 1.Market Analysis 2.Building Blocks 3.Architecture/Materials 4.Product Specifications 5.Time schedule (Gantt diagram) 6.Conclusions

3. 3 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Market Evolution

4. 4 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Power Gap in Nowadays Market

5. 5 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: IMOD Position in Display Market

6. 6 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: System block diagram Embodiment of an electronic device incorporating a 3x3 interferometric modulator display. Two adjacent interferometric modulators

7. 7 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Block Diagram illustrating an embodiment of a visual Display Device TPS65131 microcontroller: adapted for small to medium size displays output voltage up to 15V and negative output voltage down to - 15V compatible with a Li-ion battery System block diagram

8. 8 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Basic Architecture of an IMOD M. Mitchell Waldrop, “Brilliant Displays” Cheng-Yao Lo et al., “MEMS-Controlled Paper-Like Transmissive Flexible Display” Jeffrey B. Sampsell, “MEMS-Based Display Technology Drives Next-Generation FPDs for Mobile Apps.”

9. 9 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Basic Architecture of an IMOD M. Mitchell Waldrop, “Brilliant Displays” Cheng-Yao Lo et al., “MEMS-Controlled Paper-Like Transmissive Flexible Display” Jeffrey B. Sampsell, “MEMS-Based Display Technology Drives Next-Generation FPDs for Mobile Apps.”

10. 10 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Basic Architecture of an IMOD Substrate GLASS M. Mitchell Waldrop, “Brilliant Displays” Cheng-Yao Lo et al., “MEMS-Controlled Paper-Like Transmissive Flexible Display” Jeffrey B. Sampsell, “MEMS-Based Display Technology Drives Next-Generation FPDs for Mobile Apps.”

11. 11 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Basic Architecture of an IMOD Reflective surfaces PEN M. Mitchell Waldrop, “Brilliant Displays” Cheng-Yao Lo et al., “MEMS-Controlled Paper-Like Transmissive Flexible Display” Jeffrey B. Sampsell, “MEMS-Based Display Technology Drives Next-Generation FPDs for Mobile Apps.”

12. 12 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Basic Architecture of an IMOD Electrodes ITO, Al, Au, Ag, MoCr “Toward an iMoD ecosystem” Mark W. Miles, “Toward an iMoD ecosystem”

13. 13 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Basic Architecture of an IMOD Posts GLASS, SiO₂ M. Mitchell Waldrop, “Brilliant Displays” Cheng-Yao Lo et al., “MEMS-Controlled Paper-Like Transmissive Flexible Display” Jeffrey B. Sampsell, “MEMS-Based Display Technology Drives Next-Generation FPDs for Mobile Apps.”

14. 14 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Basic Architecture of an IMOD, “Photonic-crystal full-colour displays” André C. Arsenault et al., “Photonic-crystal full-colour displays”

15. 15 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Specifications LCDOLEDIMoD Switching Speed [ms] 2-200.00110 Power Consumption 31540123 Efficiency<50%-85% Resolution [ppi]326235223 Number of colors262 k 2^n or n+1 Size9”7”5.7”

16. 16 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Specifications Parameters that are not yet estimated Driving Voltage Cost Contrast Weight Lifetime

17. 17 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Conclusion The market seems to be very attractive. The fundamental blocks of the display are defined. The overall tasks are assigned to the different work groups. Some improvements are under study.

18. 18 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Thank you for the attention!!!

19. 19 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Exemples: switching speed Each pixel lit per 17 ms (20 Europe) before been redrawn LCD : 20 ms in year 2000 (useless for video apps)  2 ms modern displays. CRT : < 1ms. OLED : 0.001 ms. Plasma : 0.001 ms. Techniques to increase the switcing speed: Boost the driving voltage Super sampling : built intermediate frames

20. 20 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Exemples: cost & resolution & weight Cost: OLED : ~ $24,000 per square meter LCD : ~ $800 per square meter Resolution: Iphone : 362 ppi Mirasol IMOD : 223 ppi Ipad : 132 ppi Weight : Ipad : 132 g for 241x185mm

21. 21 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Exemples: Contrast & driving voltage Contrast: ratio of the luminance of the brightest color (white) to that of the darkest color (black) LCD : 5000 : 1 Dynamic (underpower backlight) 1000 : 1 Static CRT : >3000 : 1 Static Plasma : 5000 : 1 Static OLED : 2000 : 1 to 1,000,000: 1 (in a perfectly dark room) Driving voltage: depend of the battery: Iphone : 3.7 V Ipad : 3.7 V

22. 22 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Exemples: Power consumption (mW) Web browsingVideoMessaging LCDIMODLCDIMODLCDIMOD Display315233152331511 % Saved93 % 97 % Device55528088761237080 % Saved49.6 %31.0 %78.4 % Operating Assumptions: 80% active time in an office, 10% in bright light and 10% at night (dim light) Display power includes the display plus backlight power for an LCD and frontlight power for an IMOD source : Pike Research

23. 23 Nanotech Project 2008 / Phase 2 Project: Team: Exemples: Number of colours Iphone touch : 262k = 18 bit colours