1. Development of Quality1 Advanced Software Engineering COM360 University of Sunderland © 1998

2. Development of Quality2 The Miner….. 1950’s - Lord Robens, Chairman of the NCB, concerned at the high absenteeism, asked a miner: “Why do you regularly work 4 shifts in stead of the regulation 5?” The miner replied: “I’ll tell you why; because I can’t quite manage on the money I earn in three.”

3. Development of Quality3 The Nature of Quality 4Management Commitment 4Words and Money 4Planning (at all levels) 4Communication 4Involvement (“walk the halls”) 4Control 4Measurement - key

4. Development of Quality4 The History of Quality Guild Halls - standards (materials, products, practices, conditions ). Industrialisation - supervisors - growing responsibility for quality - formal quality inspection. Post WW1 - sophistication - stats, societies, standards (military, civil, international). Post WW2 - Japanese adopt and adapt quality methods

5. Development of Quality5 Quality Gurus Deming Taguchi Shingo Ishikawa Juran Crosby

6. Development of Quality6 Deming I 4“ Someone once said: “You cannot inspect quality into a product.” - he meant that you must build it.” 4Employee participation in decisions 414 points (see slides 8 & 9)

7. Development of Quality7 Deming II Quality Participation Quality Circles - unstructured meeting of volunteers Quality Circles 4Error Tracking - Improve processes that cause errors Testing In the current state of software engineering : effective software testingsoftware testing

8. Development of Quality8 The 14 Point Plan (I) Create constancy of purpose towards improvement of product and service. Adopt the new philosophy. We can no longer live with commonly accepted levels of delays, mistakes and defective workmanship. Cease dependence on mass inspection. Require, instead, statistical evidence that quality is built in. End the practice of awarding business on the basis of price tag. Find problems. It is management's job to work continually on the system. Institute modern methods of training on the job. Institute modern methods of supervision. The responsibility of foremen must be changed from numbers to quality.

9. Development of Quality9 The 14 Point Plan (II) Drive out fear, so that everyone may work effectively for the company. Break down barriers between departments. Eliminate numerical goals, posters and slogans for the workforce asking for new levels of productivity without providing methods. Eliminate work standards that prescribe numerical quotas. Remove barriers that stand between the hourly worker and his right to pride of workmanship. Institute a vigorous programme of education and retraining. Create a structure in top management that will push every day the above 13 points.

10. Development of Quality10 Quality - Definition “The totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs.” - ISO 8402

11. Development of Quality11 Software Quality 4policy 4management system 4plan 4procedures 4standards

12. Development of Quality12 Software Quality Planning “If we fail to plan, we plan to fail….” anon. Objective: Provide a framework for understanding the scope of the problem and for making estimates of resources, cost and schedule.