1. Protein Synthesis What cell parts or cellular activities does this incorporate? DNA and RNA are major players. Nucleus, ribosome, nucleolus, cytoplasm What is a protein? http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begi n/dna/tour_protein.htmlhttp://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begi n/dna/tour_protein.html

2. DNA holds the copy of Genes What is a gene? http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/dna/tour_ gene.htmlhttp://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/dna/tour_ gene.html Activity Decoding DNA. http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/dna/transc ribe/http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/dna/transc ribe/ Transcription happens first (how / where?) Translation happens second (how / where?) What is a codon? - a three nucleotide sequence that codes for a specific amino acid.

3. Transcription Where: In the nucleus, mRNA copies a gene on DNA, using RNA polymerase. The strand is read in a 3’  5’ direction. Begins at a promoter and ends at a terminator.

4. Transcription Transcription: http://www- class.unl.edu/biochem/gp2/m_biology/anim ation/gene/gene_a2.htmlhttp://www- class.unl.edu/biochem/gp2/m_biology/anim ation/gene/gene_a2.html

5. Translation (yes, like interpreting a language) You need a ribosome to do the work. Where: at a ribosome in the cytoplasm: –Ribosomal Large subunits P and A and small subunit Translation: Animation of Translation: http://vcell.ndsu.nodak.edu/animations/ Codon Sheet: http://student.ccbcmd.edu/~gkaiser/biotutorials/protsy n/fg9.html This is a key to decoding mRNA http://student.ccbcmd.edu/~gkaiser/biotutorials/protsy n/fg9.html

6. What can scientists do with this information? Early Genetic Engineering. (second video in the list) http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/sites/0072437316/student_view0/ chapter16/animations.html#http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/sites/0072437316/student_view0/ chapter16/animations.html#

7. Translation: Codon Sheet: http://student.ccbcmd.edu/~gkaiser/biotutorials/protsy n/fg9.html http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/dna/ General Animations: http://science.nhmccd.edu/BioL/ap1int.htm#protein