1. Antibodies. Properties and functions of the immunoglobulins
Vinnitsa National Pirogov Memorial Medical University / Department of microbiology

2. Antibody
Antibodies or immunoglobulins (Ig) are a group of glycoproteins present in the blood serum and tissue serum

3. Functions of immunoglobulins
Complement activation
Opsonization
Prevention of microorganism attachment
Neutralization toxins and viruses
Restriction of microorganism mobility
Agglutination of bacteria

4. Immunoglobulin structure

5. Classes of immunoglobulins
Ig G γ (gamma)
Ig A α (alpha)
Ig M μ (mu) H-chain
Ig D δ (delta)
Ig E ε (epsilon)
L chains : κ (kappa) or λ (lambda)

6. Structure of the immunoglobulin monomer molecule

8. Immunoglobulin antigen determinants
Isotypic markers
Allotypic markers
Idiotypic markers

9. Immunoglobulin classes
Ig G.
It has molecular weight D
The normal serum concentration of Ig G is 8-16 mg/ml.

10. Ig A It constitutes 10-15% of total serum globulin
Normal serum level is 0,6-4,2 mg/l
It has molecular weight D

11. Differences between serum and secretory Ig A

12. Ig M It constitutes 5-10% serum globulin or 0,5-2 mg/ml
It has half-life of 5-10 days and molecular weight D

13. Ig D its concentration in average is 0,02-0,2 mg/ml)
It has half-life of 3 days and molecular weight D

14. Ig E It makes up only 0,0002-0,002% of the total immunoglobulin pool
It has half-life of 2 days and molecular weight D

15. The types of antibody response to antigen stimulation
Immune antibody response consists of 3 steps:
Entry and distribution of Ag in tissue and its contact with immunological competent cells
Processing of Ag and control of Ab forming process
Secretion of Ab, its distribution in tissue, body fluid and manifestation of its effect

16. Primary immune response It is slow
Specific IgM can be detected in the serum from the 4th day, titer rises to 7-12 days
Specific IgG can be detected in the serum from the 7th day and titer rises to 10-14th days

17. IgM and IgG are synthesized in the same time It is provided by IgG
Secondary antibody response
shorter lag phase
IgM and IgG are synthesized in the same time
It is provided by IgG

18. The types of the antibody immune response
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