2. SOIL MECHANICS-1 DEEP FOUNDATIONS PRESENTATION TOPIC MEMBERS O8-CE-29

3. FOUNDATION
The lowest artificially built part of a structure upon which it directly rests is called foundation
Total load is distributed uniformly over a large area to bring intensity of loading within the safe bearing capacity of soil

4. PURPOSE
Distributes the load at a uniform rate over the surface to prevent unequal settlement
Prevent the lateral movement
Secure a level and firm bed
Increase the stability of the structure

5. FACTORS FOR SELECTION OF FOUNDATION
Types and intensity of loads (live load, dead load etc)
Nature and bearing of soil on which structure rests

6. DEEP FOUNDATION
The structure which is constructed with some artificial arrangements such as piles , wells etc. at their base
TYPES
Pile foundations

7. PILE FOUNDATION A foundation which is supported on piles
Piles distribute the load either by friction or by friction combined with bearing at end

8. APPLICATIONS Used where
Soil is soft and hard strata is far below the ground
Shallow foundation is expensive
High buildings and concentrated loads
Buildings along seashore and river bed

9. TYPES OF PILES Bearing Friction Friction and bearing Batter Guide
Sheet

10. BEARING PILES
Rest on hard strata and act as columns to bear load of the structure
Application:
To bear vertical loads
Where hard stratum is easily approachable

11. FRICTION PILES
Bear loads on account of frictional resistance between their outer surface and soil in contact
Application:
Soil is soft and hard strata unavailable upto considerable depth

12. FRICTION & BEARING
Rest on soft strata and resist load partly by bearing and partly by friction
Application:
Where bearing capacity of soil under piles is not sufficient to resist load

13. BATTER PILES Driven at an inclination to resist inclined loads
Application:
In retaining walls & abutments etc to resist lateral forces

14. GUIDE PILES Application: In the formation of coffer dams
Temporarily constructed for foundations under water

15. SHEET PILES Thin sheets driven into the ground to enclose an area
Application:
Are not required to carry loads but to enclose soil and prevent leakage of soft material

16. METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION
Drop hammer method
Steam hammer method

17. METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION
Boring

18. METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION
Screwing
Water jet

19. THANKS