1. Painting of Battle of Adwa
The Battle of Adwa
Painting of Battle of Adwa

2. The Scramble for Africa
Adwa

3. Bell Ringer!!!
Have a seat in the same pairs that you sat in last Thursday.
Take out the “Reading Like a Historian” activity that we began over the Battle of Adwa.

4. Fill in the acronym for our motives of Imperialism… R E N T

5. The Battle of Adwa

6. Central Historical Question
How was Ethiopia able to defeat Italy at the Battle of Adwa?

7. Ethiopian Independence
“Only the African nation of Ethiopia was able to retain its independence by matching European firepower. In 1889 the emperor of Ethiopia, Menelik II, undertook a program of modernization that included a modern Army.
In 1895, Italian forces invaded Ethiopia over a treaty dispute. Within a year, however, Menelik’s forces – more numerous and better armed than the Italians – defeated the Italians at the Battle of Adwa.” (p.760)
World History Textbook, 2006
Ramirez, Stearns, & Wineburg World history: Human legacy. Austin, TX: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, p. 760

8. Source A. Central importance of Menelik.
Effect of differing versions of the treaty…not mentioned in first account
Importance of modern weapons…shared with first account.

9. Source B. Most substantial
Friendly relations with Italy…not mentioned in American accounts.
Italy as aggressor
Army was “ill trained” and not “well armed.” Direct opposite!!

10. What is BIAS???? What does it mean to remain “objective?”
Is it possible?
How does it affect History?

11. Step One Compose a good topic sentence to begin your paragraph…
This sets the stage for your paragraph.
Think first, then write…

12. Step Two
Go through each source and underline which parts you want to include in your paragraph.
They should be short.
Borrow from each source.

13. Step Three Begin to write your paragraph. Take your time.
Make it flow, and make sense.

14. Bell Ringer!!! Sit in the same seats we have been.
Take out your essays we began yesterday.

15. Step Four Go through your paragraph and underline your evidence…
Read through your paragraph and REVISE, REVISE, REVISE why? To make it better.
Think/Draft about how you will change them.

16. Step Five Repeat these steps until you have your finished product.
ORGANIZE……how?
Break it up (paragraphs)
Use topic sentence as your reference.
Write “fancy.” Not “blah.”

17. Central Historical Question
How was Ethiopia able to defeat Italy at the Battle of Adwa?

18. How to use Evidence
Borrow from each source…answer the question of how they won:
Military Advancement
Courage and Will
Intelligence
Women’s Support
Menelik II
Geographical Advantage
Over-zealous Italians
Etc….

19. Process in a Nutshell Topic Sentence Evidence Draft Revise Finalize
Organize
Draft
Revise
Finalize