1. Rise of Dictators

3. Germany Faces Economic Collapse After WWI  economic despair (because of the Treaty of Versailles) Germans blames the Weimer Republic (their government) for their hardships.

4. U.S. Response  U.S. Isolationism (No League of Nations)  Loaned money to Germany

5. The Rise of Hitler

6.  We were focused on our own recovery- not the stop of fascism or Nazism!  U.S. as a whole-STAY OUT!  Disarmament, arms control, and international agreements. U.S. Response

7. Fascism in Italy  Italian Imperialism –Wanted to create an empire  Italy takes over Ethiopia (1935) –League of Nations doesn’t stop them (only offers sanctions)

8. The Reggae Connection  Haile Selassie I was the Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930- 1974  Ethiopian Orthodox Christian  Protested the use of poison gas on his people by the Italians  Is considered the “returned” Messiah of the Bible by the Rastafari movement

9. Bob Marley’s “War”  Until the philosophy which hold one race Superior and another inferior Is finally and permanently discredited and abandoned Everywhere is war, me say war That until there are no longer first class And second class citizens of any nation Until the colour of a man's skin Is of no more significance than the colour of his eyes Me say war That until the basic human rights are equally Guaranteed to all, without regard to race Dis a war That until that day The dream of lasting peace, world citizenship Rule of international morality Will remain in but a fleeting illusion To be persued, but never attained Now everywhere is war, war  And until the ignoble and unhappy regimes that hold our brothers in Angola, in Mozambique, South Africa sub-human bondage Have been toppled, utterly destroyed Well, everywhere is war, me say war War in the east, war in the west War up north, war down south War, war, rumours of war And until that day, the African continent Will not know peace, we Africans will fight We find it necessary and we know we shall win As we are confident in the victory Of good over evil, good over evil, good over evil Good over evil, good over evil, good over evil

10.  Neutrality Acts of 1935-  Forbade the sale of arms to militarily aggressive nations  Prohibited American travel on ships of countries at war  No loans to countries at war U.S. Response

12. The Rise of Militarism in Japan  In 1931-Japan attacks Manchuria (region of China)  Signed a military agreement with Italy and Germany-the Axis Powers (1936)

13. U.S. Response  U.S.-Japan relations stopped when Japan joined the Axis powers  When Japan attacked Manchuria, U.S. stopped exporting fuel and metal to Japan.  U.S. moved their fleet to Hawaii to show readiness

14. The “Rape” of Nanjing, 1937  Six-week rape and mass murder spree in Nanking (Nanjing), China by Japanese soldiers

16.  Said harsh words but took no action! U.S. Response

17. Hitler Violates the Treaty of Versailles  Reoccupies the Rhineland, 1936

18. Hitler Violates the Treaty of Versailles  Hitler creates Luftwaffe, 1935

19. Hitler Violates the Treaty of Versailles  1938, moved into Austria and declared it part of Germany (annexed)

21. Hitler Violates the Treaty of Versailles  Western European countries respond by NOT responding  U.S.—Not members of the League of Nations do not get involved  British Prime Minister, Neville Chamberlain fears Hitler and chooses appeasement

22. The Munich Pact  Hitler and Chamberlain meet to discuss the Sudetenland.  Chamberlain appeased Hitler and gave him the land.  Hitler vowed that his conquests were over.

24. U.S. Response  Roosevelt praised Chamberlain for maintaining peace.

25. Tripartite Pact…Axis Nations Of:

28. The Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact (1939)  Hitler wants Poland  Soviet Union shares a border with Poland –Stalin asks for help from Great Britain and France –They say no  Stalin is mad, signs a non aggression pact with Hitler  so they will leave each other alone

30.  Roosevelt attempts to send messages of peace to Italy and Germany, but without success. U.S. Response

31. World War II Begins  Hitler invades Poland (September 1, 1939)  Great Britain and France declare war on Germany

32.  “Cash and Carry” (1939)-the U.S. would help Britain and France if they purchased American arms with cash and transported them across the Atlantic. U.S. Response

33. The Atlantic Charter  By 1940, Hitler was in control of much of Eastern Europe.  Great Britain was afraid  Winston Churchill (British new Prime Minister) and FDR meet on a warship to create a statement-the Atlantic Charter.  They pledged to seek no gains in territory and to support the right of all peoples to choose their own form of government.

34. Nazis Take Over Europe (Except Great Britain)

35. U.S. Response  Lend-Lease Act- Lend Great Britain supplies to fight off Hitler

36. Bombing of Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941

37. Bombing of Pearl Harbor  Japan wished to expand, but the U.S. stood in the way.  U.S. naval and air forces were in the Pacific.

38. U.S. Response  After Pearl Harbor-DECLARE WAR!