1. Cement Kilns Canadian Experience Prepared for the CEC North American Strategy for Catalyzing Cooperation on Dioxins, Furans and HCB Source Control Workshop April 17-18, 2008 Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico

2. DRAFT – Page 2 – December 8, 2015 Canadian Cement Sector Production: 14.2 million tonnes clinker Value: $1.66 billion Exports: $0.4 billion (to the US primarily) Employment: 2,300 16 Grey Cement Plants: -British-Columbia (3), Alberta (2), Ontario (6), Quebec (4), Nova-Scotia (1) 1 White Cement Plant: -Ontario (1)

3. DRAFT – Page 3 – December 8, 2015 Canadian Cement Sector 17 cement manufacturing facilities across the country –16 produce grey cement –1 produces white cement Range of processes: –wet kilns –long dry kilns –preheater dry kilns –precalciner-preheater dry kilns Capacity of clinker kilns range from 0.2 to 2 million tonnes/yr Fuel use is primarily coal and petroleum coke. Select facilities are using alternative fuels: –Tire derived fuel (TDF), waste oils, woodwastes, etc.

4. DRAFT – Page 4 – December 8, 2015 D/F and HCB Sector Data 2006 cement sector releases : –Dioxins/furans: 3.8 grams ITEQ –HCB: 1038 grams –Source: National Pollutant Release Inventory, http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/npri/npri_home_e.cfm http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/npri/npri_home_e.cfm Available test data for cement facilities show emission concentrations in the range of: –3 pg/m 3 to 158 pg/m 3 –Only 1 emission test above 80 pg ITEQ/m 3 (the lowest emission established in Canada)

5. DRAFT – Page 5 – December 8, 2015 Canadian Approach National Guidelines for the Use of Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Wastes as Supplementary Fuels in Cement Kilns, 1996, Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment –The Guidelines set minimum national standards for PCDD/DF: ▪0.5 ng/Rm 3 for existing facilities ▪0.1 ng/Rm 3 for new facilities ▪Reference conditions are 25 0 C, 101.3 kPa, corrected to 11% O 2 –Recommend: ▪Continuous monitoring of temperature, oxygen and carbon monoxide ▪Annual emission testing of PCDD/DF Facility specific operating permits: –Preheater kiln processing alternative fuels: 0.2 ng/m 3 –Precalciner/preheater kiln processing alternative fuels: 0.1 ng/m 3 Cement facilities are required to report releases of dioxins/furans and HCB annually to the National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI)

6. DRAFT – Page 6 – December 8, 2015 Current Priorities Government of Canada has announced its intent to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and air pollutants (APs) from industrial sectors, including cement manufacturing 1 : –Regulations under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA 1999) –Environmental Code of Practice under CEPA 1999, which could include environmental performance standards for pollutants of concern Gathering information from the cement industry through a Section 71 notice under CEPA 1999: –Request for 2006 data on total facility emissions, including emission concentrations of dioxins/furans. 1 Government of Canada, Canada Gazette Part I, Notice of intent to develop and implement regulations and other measures to reduce air emissions, October 21, 2006. 2 Government of Canada, Canada Gazette Part I, Notice with respect to reporting of information on air pollutants, greenhouse gases and other substances for the 2006 calendar year, December 8, 2007

7. DRAFT – Page 7 – December 8, 2015 Effectiveness/ Lessons Learned Currently available emission concentration data indicates emissions are below existing CCME guidelines –Annual sector releases appear to stay within a similar range, year to year (~1 to 4 grams ITEQ) Expect to learn more through collection of dioxins/furans data under the Clean Air Section 71 notice

8. DRAFT – Page 8 – December 8, 2015 For More Information Mr. Carl Chenier Head, Cement and Lime Unit Environment Canada, Mining and Processing Tel: 819-956-5995 Email: Carl.Chenier@ec.gc.caCarl.Chenier@ec.gc.ca Or Ms. Sarah Ternan Tel: 819-994-2473 Email: Sarah.Ternan@ec.gc.caSarah.Ternan@ec.gc.ca